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Overanxious and underslept

Ben Simon, Eti, Rossi, Aubrey, Harvey, Allison G., Walker, Matthew P.·2019·Nature Human Behaviour

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Abstract

Are you feeling anxious? Did you sleep poorly last night? Sleep disruption is a recognized feature of all anxiety disorders. Here, we investigate the basic brain mechanisms underlying the anxiogenic impact of sleep loss. Additionally, we explore whether subtle, societally common reductions in sleep trigger elevated next-day anxiety. Finally, we examine what it is about sleep, physiologically, that provides such an overnight anxiety-reduction benefit. We demonstrate that the anxiogenic impact of sleep loss is linked to impaired medial prefrontal cortex activity and associated connectivity with extended limbic regions. In contrast, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) slow-wave oscillations offer an ameliorating, anxiolytic benefit on these brain networks following sleep. Of societal relevance, we establish that even modest night-to-night reductions in sleep across the population predict consequential day-to-day increases in anxiety. These findings help contribute to an emerging framework explaining the intimate link between sleep and anxiety and further highlight the prospect of non-rapid eye movement sleep as a therapeutic target for meaningfully reducing anxiety.

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Self-citation
Sleep loss and emotion: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 50 years of experimental research.
Palmer, C. A., Bower, J. L., Cho, K. W., Clementi, M. A., Lau, S., Oosterhoff, B. J., & Alfano, C. A. (2023) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000410 · Cited by 251
Sleep health early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States: integrating longitudinal, cross-sectional, and retrospective recall data
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“When people are sleep deprived, they show greater anxiety/stress reactivity [11], greater tendencies to blame and punish others for mistakes [12], poorer job performance [13], and lower cognitive functioning [14].”
Background

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Authors: Ben Simon, E., Rossi, A., Harvey, A. G., & Walker, M. P.
Affiliations: University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author: Walker, Matthew P.
ORCID: Ben Simon, Eti
Harvey, Allison G.
Walker, Matthew P.
Venue: Nature Human Behaviour
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2019-11-04
Volume: 4
Issue: 1
Pages: 100-110
ISSN: 2397-3374 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/s41562-019-0754-8
OpenAlex: W2987569059
Cited by: 177
References: 96
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 2
FWCI: 10.47
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2020-11-30)
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Nature Human Behaviour (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (RF1AG054019, R01AG015019, R01AG031164)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH093537)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords: sleep deprivation, anxiety, medial prefrontal cortex, limbic system
MeSH terms: Adult, Amygdala, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Limbic System, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Stages, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult, Functional Neuroimaging

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