Circuit mechanisms for disentangled representations and generalization in the hippocampus
Abstract
Understanding how the heterogeneous activity patterns of individual neurons give rise to coherent population dynamics and cognition is a central challenge in neuroscience. In the hippocampus, neurons are tuned to spatial location, yet their activity is also modulated by multiple external and internal variables and appears to drift randomly over time, making it difficult to link hippocampal computations to behavior. By analyzing hippocampal population dynamics in behaving mice, we reveal a structured organization underlying the diversity of single-neuron responses-the hippocampus encodes different aspects of experience as disentangled variables represented in the co-activity dynamics of cell assemblies. The temporal and contextual components of these representations are governed by local inhibitory interactions and input-driven cell-assembly dynamics, respectively. Our findings reveal the circuit basis of disentangled hippocampal representations, offering a unifying geometric principle of population coding that supports flexible memory representations and enables rapid generalization of prior knowledge to new situations.
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Self-citationEsparza, J., Quintanilla, J. P., Cid, E., Medeiros, A. C., Gallego, J. Á., & de la Prida, L. M. (2025) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2025.01.022 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
McClain, K., Tingley, D., Heeger, D. J., & Buzsáki, G. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1912792116 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Learning produces a hippocampal cognitive map in the form of an orthogonalized state machinePreprint
Sun, W., Winnubst, J., Natrajan, M., Lai, C., Kajikawa, K., Michaelos, M., Gattoni, R., Stringer, C., Flickinger, D., Fitzgerald, J. E., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.08.03.551900 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Latent learning drives sleep-dependent plasticity in distinct CA1 subpopulations
Guo, W., Zhang, J. J., Newman, J. P., & Wilson, M. A. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115028 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Uncovering 2-D toroidal representations in grid cell ensemble activity during 1-D behavior
Hermansen, E., Klindt, D. A., & Dunn, B. A. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49703-1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Distinct manifold encoding of navigational information in the subiculum and hippocampus
Nakai, S., Kitanishi, T., & Mizuseki, K. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi4471 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Dynamic and reversible remapping of network representations in an unchanging environment
Low, I. I. C., Williams, A. H., Campbell, M. G., Linderman, S. W., & Giocomo, L. (2022) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.006 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Conserved neural population geometry supports behavioral generalizationPreprint
Solla, S. A., Disterhoft, J. F., & Wirtshafter, H. S. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.10.24.620127 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Episodic memory, semantic memory, and amnesia
Squire, L. R., & Zola, S. M. (1998) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1063(1998)8:3
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- Authors
- Tang, W., Chang, H., Liu, C., Perez-Hernandez, S., Zheng, W. Y., Park, J., Karaba, L. A., Oliva, A., & Fernandez-Ruiz, A.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Oliva, Azahara
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2026-10-27
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W7223972333
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 109
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (MH140009, MH136355)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- hippocampus, disentangled representations, population coding, cell assemblies, inhibitory interactions, memory generalization, spatial representation, context representation, single-unit activity, behaving mice
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