Early evening light mitigates sleep compromising physiological and alerting responses to subsequent late evening light
Open accessAbstract
The widespread use of electric light and electronic devices has resulted in an excessive exposure to light during the late-evening and at night. This late light exposure acutely suppresses melatonin and sleepiness and delays the circadian clock. Here we investigate whether the acute effects of late-evening light exposure on our physiology and sleepiness are reduced when this light exposure is preceded by early evening bright light. Twelve healthy young females were included in a randomised crossover study. All participants underwent three evening (18:30-00:30) sessions during which melatonin, subjective sleepiness, body temperature and skin blood flow were measured under different light conditions: (A) dim light, (B) dim light with a late-evening (22:30-23:30) light exposure of 750 lx, 4000 K, and (C) the same late-evening light exposure, but now preceded by early-evening bright light exposure (18.30-21.00; 1200 lx, 4000 K). Late-evening light exposure reduced melatonin levels and subjective sleepiness and resulted in larger skin temperature gradients as compared to dim. Interestingly, these effects were reduced when the late-evening light was preceded by an early evening 2.5-hour bright light exposure. Thus daytime and early-evening exposure to bright light can mitigate some of the sleep-disruptive consequences of light exposure in the later evening.
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Daytime bright light may reduce the sensitivity to light in the evening or night.
“Even though the effect of light history has not yet been reliably characterized, daytime bright light may reduce the sensitivity to light in the evening or night [61].”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- te Kulve, M., Schlangen, L. J. M., & van Marken Lichtenbelt, W. D.
- Affiliations
- Signify (Netherlands) (NL)
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2019-11-05
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16064-16064
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6831674
- OpenAlex
- W2983668688
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 3.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- TU/e Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- The project was funded by the STW-Philips Electronics Nederland B.V. Partnership Program "Advanced Sustainable Lighting Solutions" (no. 12733).
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- bright light exposure, melatonin suppression, subjective sleepiness, circadian clock, skin temperature, skin blood flow, circadian rhythm, light at night, sleep disruption, alertness
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aviation, Blood Flow Velocity, Circadian Rhythm, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Lighting, Skin Temperature, Sleep, Wakefulness
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