Demonstration of a day-night rhythm in human skeletal muscle oxidative capacity
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: A disturbed day-night rhythm is associated with metabolic perturbations that can lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In skeletal muscle, a reduced oxidative capacity is also associated with the development of T2DM. However, whether oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle displays a day-night rhythm in humans has so far not been investigated. METHODS: Lean, healthy subjects were enrolled in a standardized living protocol with regular meals, physical activity and sleep to reflect our everyday lifestyle. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity was examined in skeletal muscle biopsies taken at five time points within a 24-hour period. RESULTS: Core-body temperature was lower during the early night, confirming a normal day-night rhythm. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity demonstrated a robust day-night rhythm, with a significant time effect in ADP-stimulated respiration (state 3 MO, state 3 MOG and state 3 MOGS, p < 0.05). Respiration was lowest at 1 PM and highest at 11 PM (state 3 MOGS: 80.6 ± 4.0 vs. 95.8 ± 4.7 pmol/mg/s). Interestingly, the fluctuation in mitochondrial function was also observed in whole-body energy expenditure, with peak energy expenditure at 11 PM and lowest energy expenditure at 4 AM (p < 0.001). In addition, we demonstrate rhythmicity in mRNA expression of molecular clock genes in human skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the biological clock drives robust rhythms in human skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. It is tempting to speculate that disruption of these rhythms contribute to the deterioration of metabolic health associated with circadian misalignment.
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Many of the molecular processes that regulate mitochondrial content, function, and dynamics are regulated in a circadian manner.
“As many of the molecular processes that regulate mitochondrial content, function, and dynamics are regulated in a circadian manner [60,61] and considering that molecular markers of circadian rhythm are altered by a night of sleep deprivation [7,8], we also examined aspects of diurnal rhythmicity using the measures of peripheral skin temperature (obtained over 48 h, pre- and post-intervention) and”
From Exercise mitigates sleep-loss-induced changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function, sarcoplasmic protein synthesis, and diurnal rhythms (2021) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- van Moorsel, D., Hansen, J., Havekes, B., Scheer, F. A. J. L., Jörgensen, J. A., Hoeks, J., Schrauwen-Hinderling, V. B., Duez, H., Lefebvre, P., Schaper, N. C., Hesselink, M. K. C., Staels, B., & Schrauwen, P.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Schrauwen, Patrick
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 635-645
- ISSN
- 2212-8778 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5021670
- OpenAlex
- W2461308555
- Cited by
- 218
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- We acknowledge the support from the Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative: an initiative with support of the Dutch Heart Foundation (CVON2014-02 ENERGISE)
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (40-00812-98-14047)
- J.H. is supported by the NUTRIM NWO Graduate Programme which is financially supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (022.003.011)
- National Institutes of Health (R01 HL118601, R01 DK099512)
- French Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- Eurhythdia
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, skeletal muscle, mitochondrial oxidative capacity, mitochondrial respiration, clock genes, energy expenditure, type 2 diabetes, obesity, circadian misalignment, core body temperature
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