Brain mechanisms associated with internally directed attention and self-generated thought
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Internal cognition like imagination and prospection require sustained internally directed attention and involve self-generated thought. This fMRI study aimed to disentangle the brain mechanisms associated with attention-specific and task-specific processes during internally directed cognition. The direction of attention was manipulated by either keeping a relevant stimulus visible throughout the task, or by masking it, so that the task had to be performed "in the mind's eye". The level of self-directed thought was additionally varied between a convergent and a divergent thinking task. Internally directed attention was associated with increased activation in the right anterior inferior parietal lobe (aIPL), bilateral lingual gyrus and the cuneus, as well as with extended deactivations of superior parietal and occipital regions representing parts of the dorsal attention network. The right aIPL further showed increased connectivity with occipital regions suggesting an active top-down mechanism for shielding ongoing internal processes from potentially distracting sensory stimulation in terms of perceptual decoupling. Activation of the default network was not related to internally directed attention per se, but rather to a higher level of self-generated thought. The findings hence shed further light on the roles of inferior and superior parietal cortex for internally directed cognition.
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rsFC changes in the middle occipital gyrus were similarly correlated with ERT-linked gains in attention, decentering, and reappraisal.
“Finally, rsFC changes in the middle occipital gyrus, implicated with both attention (Benedek et al., 2016) and metacognition (Atique et al., 2011; Schurz et al., 2014) were similarly correlated with ERT-linked gains in attention, decentering, and reappraisal.”
From Changes in functional connectivity following treatment with emotion regulation therapy (2019) · cites this paper as Benedek et al., 2016
The PCC has been implicated in self-generated thought irrespective of whether attention is focused internally or externally, while middle occipital gyrus activity has been associated with externally directed attention.
“The PCC has been implicated in self-generated thought irrespective of whether attention is focused internally or externally, while middle occipital gyrus activity has been associated with externally directed attention (Benedek et al., 2016).”
From Changes in functional connectivity following treatment with emotion regulation therapy (2019) · cites this paper as Benedek et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Benedek, M., Jauk, E., Beaty, R. E., Fink, A., Koschutnig, K., & Neubauer, A. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Graz (AT)
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- Corresponding author
- Benedek, Mathias
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2016-03-10
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22959-22959
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4785374
- OpenAlex
- W2294936114
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 10.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Austrian Science Fund (P 23914)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- self-generated thought, imagination, prospection, dorsal attention network, default mode network, top-down control, divergent and convergent thinking, visual masking, parietal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Parietal Lobe
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