Cited by 733Sleep and related disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Use of sleep hygiene in the treatment of insomnia

Stepanski, Edward J, Wyatt, James K·2003·Sleep Medicine Reviews

Abstract

Sleep hygiene (SH) refers to a list of behaviors, environmental conditions, and other sleep-related factors that can be adjusted as a stand-alone treatment or component of multimodal treatment for patients with insomnia. This paper presents a review of SH, how this concept has been applied and often modified over the past 24 years, and how it relates to the modern sleep disorder nosology, particularly Inadequate Sleep Hygiene. Although a recognized and commonly utilized treatment option, there is no absolute consensus about which steps must be included to constitute SH treatment, and there is much overlap between SH and other cognitive-behavioral treatments for insomnia such as Stimulus Control Procedures and Sleep Restriction Therapy. The literature on the effects of manipulations of individual components of SH under experimental conditions (e.g. effects of presleep alcohol or caffeine intake) in normal sleepers show mixed results. Empirical data demonstrating the role of poor SH as a contributor to insomnia, or showing that good SH improves sleep in patients with insomnia, is not available. Instead of evaluating the impact of a comprehensive list of SH recommendations, a focus on guidelines for use of individual rules is needed.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1053/smrv.2001.0246

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Authors
Stepanski, E. J., & Wyatt, J. K.
Affiliations
Rush University Medical Center (US)
Venue
Sleep Medicine Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2003-06
Volume
7
Issue
3
Pages
215-225
ISSN
1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2129344959
Cited by
733
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 24
FWCI
2.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
sleep hygiene, insomnia treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, stimulus control, sleep restriction therapy, caffeine consumption
MeSH terms
Ethanol, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Body Temperature, Caffeine, Environment, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Noise, Television, Wakefulness, Exercise, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

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