Theory for the anomalous electron transport in Hall effect thrusters. I. Insights from particle-in-cell simulations

Lafleur, T.; Baalrud, S. D.; Chabert, P.

doi:10.1063/1.4948495

Cited by 164Plasma Diagnostics and ApplicationsMagnetic confinement fusion researchVacuum and Plasma Arcs

Theory for the anomalous electron transport in Hall effect thrusters. I. Insights from particle-in-cell simulations

Lafleur, T., Baalrud, S. D., Chabert, P.·2016·Physics of Plasmas

DOI 10.1063/1.4948495

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Abstract

Using a 1D particle-in-cell simulation with perpendicular electric, E0, and magnetic, B0, fields, and modelling the azimuthal direction (i.e., the E0 × B0 direction), we study the cross-field electron transport in Hall effect thrusters (HETs). For low plasma densities, the electron transport is found to be well described by classical electron-neutral collision theory, but at sufficiently high densities (representative of typical HETs), a strong instability is observed to significantly enhance the electron mobility, even in the absence of electron-neutral collisions. This instability is associated with correlated high-frequency (of the order of MHz) and short-wavelength (of the order of mm) fluctuations in both the electric field and the plasma density, which are shown to be the cause of the anomalous transport. Saturation of the instability is observed to occur due to a combination of ion-wave trapping in the E0 × B0 direction, and convection in the E0 direction.

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Another set of works studied numerically ECR discharges with a grid extraction system using a simplified approach where the MW fields were calculated from Eqs. (10) and (11) but without taking into account the plasma contribution, i.e., with j = 0.
“Another set of works 26,116,156-160 studied numerically ECR discharges with a grid extraction system. They used the aforementioned simplified approach, where the MW fields were calculated from Eqs. (10) and (11), but without taking into account the plasma contribution, i.e., with j = 0.”
From Plasma propulsion modeling with particle-based algorithms (2023) · cites this paper as [116]
Fig. 5 from a PIC simulation in Ref. 116 for an ECR discharge driven at 4.25 GHz shows that the electron density is close to the critical density, which is approximately 9.8 × 10^16 m^-3 for this frequency.
“For example, Fig.5 taken from a PIC simulation, performed in Ref. 116 for an ECR discharge driven at 4 . 25 GHz, shows that the electron density is close to the critical density, which is approximately 9 . 8 × 10 16 m -3 for this frequency.”
From Plasma propulsion modeling with particle-based algorithms (2023) · cites this paper as [116]

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Theory for the anomalous electron transport in Hall effect thrusters. II. Kinetic model
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Anomalous electron transport in Hall-Effect Thrusters
PALMIOTTI, P. (2019) · Electronic Theses and Dissertations Repository (University of Pisa)
Numerical Study of Current Driven Instabilities and Anomalous Electron Transport in Hall-effect Thrusters
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Authors: Lafleur, T., Baalrud, S. D., & Chabert, P.
Affiliations: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
University of Iowa (US)
ORCID: Lafleur, T.
Baalrud, S. D.
Chabert, P.
Venue: Physics of Plasmas
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Published: 2016-05-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 5
Pages: 053502
ISSN: 1070-664X (ISSN-L)
1089-7674
DOI: 10.1063/1.4948495
OpenAlex: W2345610077
Cited by: 164
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
FWCI: 6.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Physics of Plasmas (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
Funders: Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Magnetic confinement fusion research
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
Keywords: Hall thruster, anomalous electron transport, electron mobility, plasma density fluctuations, electric field fluctuations, instability saturation

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Theory for the anomalous electron transport in Hall effect thrusters. I. Insights from particle-in-cell simulations

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