Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease: Critical role for the astrocyte
Open accessAbstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) animal model of PD. It is known that under conditions of oxidative stress, the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) binds to antioxidant response element (ARE) to induce antioxidant and phase II detoxification enzymes. To investigate the role of Nrf2 in the process of MPTP-induced toxicity, mice expressing the human placental alkaline phosphatase (hPAP) gene driven by a promoter containing a core ARE sequence (ARE-hPAP) were used. ARE-hPAP mice were injected (30 mg/kg) once per day for 5 days and killed 7 days after the last MPTP injection. In response to this design, ARE-dependent gene expression was decreased in striatum whereas it was increased in substantia nigra. The same MPTP protocol was applied in Nrf2 +/+ and Nrf2 −/− mice; Nrf2 deficiency increases MPTP sensitivity. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential for astrocytic Nrf2 overexpression to protect from MPTP toxicity. Transgenic mice with Nrf2 under control of the astrocyte-specific promoter for the glial fribillary acidic protein (GFAP-Nrf2) on both a Nrf2 +/+ and Nrf2 −/− background were administered MPTP. In the latter case, only the astrocytes expressed Nrf2. Independent of background, MPTP-mediated toxicity was abolished in GFAP-Nrf2 mice. These striking results indicate that Nrf2 expression restricted to astrocytes is sufficient to protect against MPTP and astrocytic modulation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway is a promising target for therapeutics aimed at reducing or preventing neuronal death in PD.
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Nrf2 deficiency results in increased sensitivity to MPTP-induced PD-like lesions in mice, which is improved by Nrf2 overexpression in astrocytes.
“Nrf2 deficiency results in increased sensitivity to MPTP-induced PD-like lesions in mice which is improved by Nrf2 overexpression in astrocytes [122].”
From Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [122]
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- Authors
- Chen, P.-C., Vargas, M. R., Pani, A. K., Smeyne, R. J., Johnson, D. A., Kan, Y. W., & Johnson, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2009-02-24
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2933-2938
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2650368
- OpenAlex
- W2055285423
- Cited by
- 579
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 42
- FWCI
- 28.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS39006, R01NS039006)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES10042, R01ES010042)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- Nrf2, Parkinson's disease, MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, astrocytes, oxidative stress, antioxidant response element, neuroprotection, GFAP promoter, Nrf2 knockout mice, substantia nigra, striatum, neuronal cell death, phase II enzymes
- MeSH terms
- Alkaline Phosphatase, Animals, Astrocytes, Base Sequence, Corpus Striatum, Disease Models, Animal, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Transgenic, Parkinson Disease, Substantia Nigra, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, DNA Primers, MPTP Poisoning, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Mice
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