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Cited by 753

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The Surface of Lipid Droplets Is a Phospholipid Monolayer with a Unique Fatty Acid Composition

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Tauchi-Sato, Kumi, Ozeki, Shintaro, Houjou, Toshiaki, Taguchi, Ryo, Fujimoto, Toyoshi·2002·Journal of Biological Chemistry
DOI 10.1074/jbc.m207712200
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Abstract

We found that caveolin-2 is targeted to the surface of lipid droplets (Fujimoto, T., Kogo, H., Ishiguro, K., Tauchi, K., and Nomura, R. (2001) J. Cell Biol. 152, 1079-1085) and hypothesized that the lipid droplet surface is a kind of membrane. To elucidate the characteristics of the lipid droplet surface, we isolated lipid droplets from HepG2 cells and analyzed them by cryoelectron microscopy and by mass spectrometry. By use of cryoelectron microscopy at the stage temperature of 4.2 K, the lipid droplet surface was observed as a single line without any fixation or staining, indicating the presence of a single layer of phospholipids. This result appeared consistent with the hypothesis that the lipid droplet surface is derived from the cytoplasmic leaflet of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and may be continuous to it. However, mass spectrometry revealed that the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine in lipid droplets is different from that of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The ample presence of free cholesterol in lipid droplets also suggests that their surface is differentiated from the bulk endoplasmic reticulum membrane. On the other hand, although caveolin-2beta and adipose differentiation-related protein, both localizing in lipid droplets, were enriched in the low density floating fraction, the fatty acid composition of the fraction was distinct from lipid droplets. Collectively, the result indicates that the lipid droplet surface is a hemi-membrane or a phospholipid monolayer containing cholesterol but is compositionally different from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane or the sphingolipid/cholesterol-rich microdomain.

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Tauchi-Sato, K., Ozeki, S., Houjou, T., Taguchi, R., & Fujimoto, T.
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-11
Volume
277
Issue
46
Pages
44507-44512
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1074/jbc.m207712200
OpenAlex
W2072291193
Cited by
753
References
1
FWCI
6.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid
Licence

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