Impact of Probiotics on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases. A Review
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms have historically been used to rebalance disturbed intestinal microbiota and to diminish gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea or inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). Recent studies explore the potential for expanded uses of probiotics on medical disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and metabolic disturbances such as hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress. This review aims at summarizing the proposed molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in probiotic-host interactions and to identify the nature of the resulting beneficial effects. Specific probiotic strains can act by modulating immune response, by producing particular molecules or releasing biopeptides, and by modulating nervous system activity. To date, the majority of studies have been conducted in animal models. New investigations on the related mechanisms in humans need to be carried out to better enable targeted and effective use of the broad variety of probiotic strains.
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There is increasing evidence that dysbiosis in the intestinal microbial community could be related with some extra-intestinal pathologies, such as allergies, obesity and metabolic syndrome, rheumatic disease, and degenerative processes, among others.
“Moreover, there is increasing evidence that dysbiosis in this microbial community could be related with some extra-intestinal pathologies, such as allergies, obesity and metabolic syndrome, rheumatic disease, and degenerative processes, among others [69][70][71] .”
From Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis (2014) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Ebel, B., Lemetais, G., Beney, L., Cachon, R., Sokol, H., Langella, P., & Gervais, P.
- Affiliations
- Université de Bourgogne (FR)
- Microbiologie de l’alimentation au service de la santé (FR)
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-11-04
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 175-189
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2064794807
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 182
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Keywords
- probiotics, cardiovascular risk factors, gut microbiota, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress, diabetes mellitus, immunomodulation, bioactive peptides, nervous system activity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Enzymes, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertension, Immunity, Intestines, Obesity, Risk Factors, Oxidative Stress, Probiotics, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Lipid Metabolism, Microbiota
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