Prognostic value of aortic pulse wave velocity as index of arterial stiffness in the general population
Open accessAbstract
Background— Few population studies addressed the prognostic significance of aortic pulse wave velocity (APWV) above and beyond other cardiovascular risk factors. Methods and Results— We studied a sex- and age-stratified random sample of 1678 Danes aged 40 to 70 years. We used Cox regression to investigate the prognostic value of APWV, office pulse pressure (PP), and 24-hour ambulatory PP while adjusting for mean arterial pressure (MAP) and other covariates. Over a median follow-up of 9.4 years, the incidence of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular end points, cardiovascular mortality, and fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease amounted to 154, 62, and 101 cases, respectively. We adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, MAP measured in the office (conventional PP and APWV) or by ambulatory monitoring (24-hour PP), smoking, and alcohol intake. With these adjustments, APWV maintained its prognostic significance in relation to each end point ( P <0.05), whereas office and 24-hour PP lost their predictive value ( P >0.19), except for office PP in relation to coronary heart disease ( P =0.02). For each 1-SD increment in APWV (3.4 m/s), the risk of an event increased by 16% to 20%. In sensitivity analyses, APWV still predicted all cardiovascular events after standardization to a heart rate of 60 beats per minute, after adjustment for 24-hour MAP instead of office MAP, and/or after additional adjustment for the ratio of total to HDL serum cholesterol and diabetes mellitus at baseline. Conclusions— In a general Danish population, APWV predicted a composite of cardiovascular outcomes above and beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including 24-hour MAP.
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Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity provides a comprehensive non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness and has independent predictive value for all-cause and cardiovascular morbidity, coronary events, and strokes in patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension and in the general population.
“Measurement of carotid -femoral pulse wave velocity provides a comprehensive non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness 423 and has an independent predictive value for all-cause and cardiovascular morbidity, coronary events, and strokes in patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension as well as in the general population.”
From European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012) (2012) · cites this paper as [423]
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“In recent years, many studies have also proved that increased aortic stiffness is a risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality (Benetos et al 1998; Asmar et al 2001; Laurent et al 2001; Hansen et al 2006).”
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- Authors
- Willum Hansen, T., Staessen, J. A., Torp-Pedersen, C., Rasmussen, S., Thijs, L., Ibsen, H., & Jeppesen, J.
- Affiliations
- From the Research Center for Prevention and Health, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.W.H.); Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Molecular and Cardiovascular Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J.A.S., L.T.); Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.T.-P., T.W.H.); and Medical Department M, Glostrup University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (J.J., S.R., H.I.).
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2006-02-07
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 664-670
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2147994802
- Cited by
- 1,515
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 83 · 2016: 82 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 114 · 2013: 92 · 2012: 100
- FWCI
- 67.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Hjerteforeningen (01-2-9-9A-22914)
- Lægeforeningen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- aortic pulse wave velocity, arterial stiffness, cardiovascular prognosis, cardiovascular mortality, coronary artery disease, pulse pressure, ambulatory blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, cardiovascular risk factors, general population
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aorta, Cardiovascular Diseases, Denmark, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Pulsatile Flow, Pulse, Regression Analysis, Vascular Resistance
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