Regulation of microglial physiology by the microbiota
Open accessAbstract
The mammalian gut contains a large, complex community of microorganisms collectively termed the microbiota. It is increasingly appreciated that gut microbes are closely integrated into mammalian physiology, participating in metabolic symbiosis, promoting immune function and signaling to a wide variety of distant cells, including the brain, via circulating metabolites. Recent advances indicate that microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are influenced by microbial metabolites at all stages of life, under both physiological and pathological conditions. The pathways by which microbiota regulate microglial function are therefore of interest for investigating links between neurological disorders and gut microbiome changes. In this review, we discuss the effects and mechanisms of microbiota-microglia signaling in steady state, as well as evidence for the involvement of this signaling axis in CNS pathologies.
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The microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
“The microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
Throughout the host lifespan, the gut microbiome provides essential signals to microglia during health and disease.
“Throughout the host lifespan, the gut microbiome provides essential signals to microglia during health and disease.59,60,187,188”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases
Loh, J. S., Mak, W. Q., Tan, L. K. S., Ng, C. X., Chan, H. H., Yeow, S. H., Foo, J. B., Ong, Y. S., How, C. W., & Khaw, K. Y. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1 · Cited by 1,193 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cook, J., & Prinz, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Cook, James
- Prinz, Marco
- Venue
- Gut Microbes
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-09-24
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2125739-2125739
- ISSN
- 1949-0976 (ISSN-L)
- 1949-0984
- PMC
- PMC9519021
- OpenAlex
- W4297183631
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Gut Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- M.P. was supported by the Sobek Foundation, the Ernst-Jung Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Prize,
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, microglia, microbial metabolites, gut-brain axis, neuroinflammation, neurological disorders, metabolic symbiosis, immune signaling
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Brain, Humans, Mammals, Nervous System Diseases, Microglia, Microbiota
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