Gut microbiota-brain axis
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the updated information about the gut microbiota-brain axis. DATA SOURCES: All articles about gut microbiota-brain axis published up to July 18, 2016, were identified through a literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, with the keywords of "gut microbiota", "gut-brain axis", and "neuroscience". STUDY SELECTION: All relevant articles on gut microbiota and gut-brain axis were included and carefully reviewed, with no limitation of study design. RESULTS: It is well-recognized that gut microbiota affects the brain's physiological, behavioral, and cognitive functions although its precise mechanism has not yet been fully understood. Gut microbiota-brain axis may include gut microbiota and their metabolic products, enteric nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic branches within the autonomic nervous system, neural-immune system, neuroendocrine system, and central nervous system. Moreover, there may be five communication routes between gut microbiota and brain, including the gut-brain's neural network, neuroendocrine-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, gut immune system, some neurotransmitters and neural regulators synthesized by gut bacteria, and barrier paths including intestinal mucosal barrier and blood-brain barrier. The microbiome is used to define the composition and functional characteristics of gut microbiota, and metagenomics is an appropriate technique to characterize gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota-brain axis refers to a bidirectional information network between the gut microbiota and the brain, which may provide a new way to protect the brain in the near future.
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Active caspase-1 directly cleaves α-synuclein, promoting aggregation and neuronal toxicity of the newly aggregated α-synuclein.
“In animal models, active caspase-1 was shown to directly cleave α-synuclein, which further promoted the aggregation and neuronal toxicity for neurons of this newly-aggregated α-synuclein (240).”
From The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology (2020) · cites this paper as [240]
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- [46]Chang HY Mashimo H Goyal RK Musings on the wanderer: What's new in our understanding of vago-vagal reflex? IV. Current concepts of vagal efferent projections to the gut Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003 284 G357 66 doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00478.2002 12576302 · DOI
- [71]Lyte M Microbial endocrinology: Host-microbiota neuroendocrine interactions influencing brain and behavior Gut Microbes 2014 5 381 9 doi: 10.4161/gmic.28682 24690573 PMC4153777 · DOI
- [82]Dash S Clarke G Berk M Jacka FN The gut microbiome and diet in psychiatry: Focus on depression Curr Opin Psychiatry 2015 28 1 6 doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000117 25415497 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology
Rutsch, A., Kantsjö, J. B., & Ronchi, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.604179 · Cited by 821 · see citing works
The microbiome in autoimmune diseases
De Luca, F., & Shoenfeld, Y. (2018) · Clinical and Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/cei.13158 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Antibiotics, gut microbiota, and Alzheimer’s disease
Angelucci, F., Cechova, K., Amlerova, J., & Hort, J. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1494-4 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Gut-brain Axis and migraine headache: a comprehensive review
On behalf of the School of Advanced Studies of the European Headache Federation (EHF-SAS), Arzani, M., Jahromi, S. R., Ghorbani, Z., Vahabizad, F., Martelletti, P., Ghaemi, A., Sacco, S., & Togha, M. (2020) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1186/s10194-020-1078-9 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Han, Y., Wang, B., Gao, H., He, C., Hua, R., Liang, C., Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Xin, S., & Xu, J. (2022) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s384949 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Diagnosis to Treatment
Varesi, A., Pierella, E., Romeo, M., Piccini, G. B., Alfano, C., Bjørklund, G., Oppong, A., Ricevuti, G., Esposito, C., Chirumbolo, S., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14030668 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Bosi, A., Banfi, D., Bistoletti, M., Giaroni, C., & Baj, A. (2020) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/1178646920928984 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Chidambaram, S. B., Essa, M. M., Rathipriya, A. G., Bishir, M., Ray, B., Mahalakshmi, A. M., Tousif, A. H., Sakharkar, M. K., Kashyap, R. S., Friedland, R. P., et al. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107988 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders
Zheng, Y., Bonfili, L., Wei, T., & Eleuteri, A. M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15214631 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation, gut microbiome, and Alzheimer's disease
Lin, L., Zheng, L. J., & Zhang, L. J. (2018) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-018-0983-2 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Gut hormones in microbiota-gut-brain cross-talk
Sun, L.-J., Li, J.-N., & Nie, Y.-Z. (2020) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000000706 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Relevance of gutmicrobiota in cognition, behaviour and Alzheimer’s disease
de J.R. De-Paula, V., Forlenza, A. S., & Forlenza, O. V. (2018) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.007 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Sex Differences in the Gut-Brain Axis: Implications for Mental Health
Holingue, C., Budavari, A. C., Rodriguez, K. M., Zisman, C. R., Windheim, G., & Fallin, M. D. (2020) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01202-y · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Zhao, Z., Wang, B., Mu, L., Wang, H., Luo, J., Yang, Y., Yang, H., Li, M., Zhou, L., & Tao, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00258 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationFeng, P., Zhao, S., Zhang, Y., & Li, E. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123462 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Chan, D. G., Ventura, K., Villeneuve, A., Du Bois, P., & Holahan, M. R. (2022) · Journal of Parkinson's Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-223461 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Metformin to treat Huntington disease: A pleiotropic drug against a multi-system disorder
Trujillo-Del Río, C., Tortajada-Pérez, J., Gómez-Escribano, A. P., Casterá, F., Peiró, C., Millán, J. M., Herrero, M. J., & Vázquez-Manrique, R. P. (2022) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2022.111670 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, H.-X., & Wang, Y.-P.
- Venue
- Chinese Medical Journal
- Published
- 2016-10-05
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 2373-2380
- ISSN
- 0366-6999 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5040025
- OpenAlex
- W2519453916
- Cited by
- 546
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Chinese Medical Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, microbiome, enteric nervous system, autonomic nervous system, neuroimmune system, blood-brain barrier, intestinal barrier, neurotransmitters, metagenomics, cognitive function, cerebral protection
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Brain, Central Nervous System, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Gastrointestinal Tract
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