Intestinal barrier and gut microbiota: Shaping our immune responses throughout life
Open accessAbstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is considered the largest immunological organ in the body having a central role in regulating immune homeostasis. Contrary to earlier belief, the intestinal epithelial barrier is not a static physical barrier but rather strongly interacts with the gut microbiome and cells of the immune system. This intense communication between epithelial cells, immune cells and microbiome will shape specific immune responses to antigens, balancing tolerance and effector immune functions. Recent studies indicate that composition of the gut microbiome affects immune system development and modulates immune mediators, which in turn affect the intestinal barrier. Moreover, dysbiosis may favor intestinal barrier disruption and could be related to increased susceptibility to certain diseases. This review will be focused on the development of the intestinal barrier and its function in host immune defense and how gut microbiome composition throughout life can affect this role.
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The immune system is better able to monitor what is happening in the stomach when the gut barrier is working properly.
“The immune system is better able to monitor what’s happening in the stomach when the gut barrier is working properly (11).”
From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
The paper’s discussion of gastrointestinal host defense describes epithelial and immune cells working together, and its passage on Peyer’s patches describes sampling antigens from the intestinal lumen for immune responses (both indexed under Abstract; page unavailable). This supports the general idea of immune monitoring alongside a functioning gut barrier, but the passages concern the intestine or gastrointestinal tract, not specifically the stomach. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Takiishi, T., Fenero, C. I. M., & Câmara, N. O. S.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
- Corresponding author
- Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva
- Venue
- Tissue Barriers
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2017-09-28
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e1373208
- ISSN
- 2168-8362 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-8370
- PMC
- PMC5788425
- OpenAlex
- W2753871615
- Cited by
- 1,009
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 140 · 2025: 178 · 2024: 203 · 2023: 160 · 2022: 136 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 2.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Tissue Barriers (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- intestinal barrier, gut microbiota, immune homeostasis, intestinal epithelium, immune tolerance, dysbiosis, host immune defense, immune system development, immune mediators
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Aging, Animals, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Intestinal Mucosa, Gastrointestinal Tract, Adaptive Immunity
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