Cited by 1,859Gut microbiota and healthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAnimal Nutrition and Physiology

Altering the intestinal microbiota during a critical developmental window has lasting metabolic consequences

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Cox, Laura M., Yamanishi, Shingo, Sohn, Jiho, Alekseyenko, Alexander V., Leung, Jacqueline M., Cho, Ilseung, Kim, Sungheon G., Li, Huilin +7 more·2014·Cell

Abstract

Acquisition of the intestinal microbiota begins at birth, and a stable microbial community develops from a succession of key organisms. Disruption of the microbiota during maturation by low-dose antibiotic exposure can alter host metabolism and adiposity. We now show that low-dose penicillin (LDP), delivered from birth, induces metabolic alterations and affects ileal expression of genes involved in immunity. LDP that is limited to early life transiently perturbs the microbiota, which is sufficient to induce sustained effects on body composition, indicating that microbiota interactions in infancy may be critical determinants of long-term host metabolic effects. In addition, LDP enhances the effect of high-fat diet induced obesity. The growth promotion phenotype is transferrable to germ-free hosts by LDP-selected microbiota, showing that the altered microbiota, not antibiotics per se, play a causal role. These studies characterize important variables in early-life microbe-host metabolic interaction and identify several taxa consistently linked with metabolic alterations. PAPERCLIP:

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.052

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  • A causal role for gut microbes in disease is supported in part by fulfillment of one of Koch's postulates: transfer of a disease-related phenotype by transplanting gut microbes into a new host.

    “A causal role for the involvement of gut microbes is in part based on the fulfillment of one of Koch’s postulates - namely, the transmission of a disease related phenotype with transplantation of gut microbial organisms to a new host (Cho and Blaser, 2012; Cox et al., 2014; Dumas et al., 2006; Gregory et al., 2015; Koch, 1880; Sandhu and Chase, 1986).”
  • The gut microbiome is highly dynamic and adaptable, changing with dietary inputs and with the presence or absence of different diseases.

    “Nonetheless, the gut microbiome is known to be remarkably dynamic and adaptive, including changes in response to different dietary inputs, as well as the presence versus absence of distinct diseases (Cox et al., 2014; Koren et al., 2011; Wu et al., 2011).”
  • Recent studies by Blaser and colleagues show that affecting microbiota in early windows of critical development can affect metabolism long term.

    “Similarly, recent studies by Blaser and colleagues (34) show that affecting microbiota in early windows of critical development can affect metabolism long term.”
  • Several taxa transiently disrupted after low-dose penicillin administration at mouse weaning age are linked to persistent metabolic alterations such as enhanced dietary-induced fat mass accumulation and decreased intestinal-based immunity.

    “Specifically, they have identified several taxa transiently disrupted after low-dose penicillin administration at mouse weaning age to be linked to persistent metabolic alterations such as enhanced dietary-induced fat mass accumulation and decreased intestinal-based immunity (34).”
  • FMT might modulate obesity and metabolism in humans and mice, ameliorate metabolic syndrome in patients, and contribute to the treatment of refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis and recurrent infections by Clostridium difficile.

    “FMT might modulate obesity and metabolism in humans and mice 29,30 , ameliorate metabolic syndrome in patients 31 , and contribute to the treatment of refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis 32 and recurrent infections by Clostridium difficile 33 .”

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Authors
Cox, L. M., Yamanishi, S., Sohn, J., Alekseyenko, A. V., Leung, J. M., Cho, I., Kim, S. G., Li, H., Gao, Z., Mahana, D., Zárate Rodriguez, J. G., Rogers, A. B., Robine, N., Loke, P., & Blaser, M. J.
Affiliations
  • NYU Langone Health (US)
  • Tufts University (US)
  • New York Genome Center (US)
  • VA NY Harbor Healthcare System (US)
Corresponding author
Blaser, Martin J.
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-08
Volume
158
Issue
4
Pages
705-721
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2053039168
Cited by
1,859
References
81
Citations by year
2026: 74 · 2025: 119 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 145 · 2022: 177 · 2021: 194 · 2020: 182 · 2019: 163 · 2018: 182 · 2017: 177 · 2016: 161 · 2015: 124 · 2014: 20
FWCI
65.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • NYU Langone Medical Center
  • New York Genome Center
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (P30CA016087)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI093811)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK090989)
  • National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR029893)
  • Argonne National Laboratory
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Keywords
gut microbiota, early-life antibiotic exposure, microbiota disruption, body composition, obesity, high-fat diet, ileal gene expression, immunity, germ-free mice, host-microbe metabolic interactions, developmental programming
MeSH terms
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity, Penicillins, Mice, Microbiota

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