In vivo evaluation of a neural stem cell-seeded prosthesis
Open accessAbstract
Neural prosthetics capable of recording or stimulating neuronal activity may restore function for patients with motor and sensory deficits resulting from injury or degenerative disease. However, overcoming inconsistent recording quality and stability in chronic applications remains a significant challenge. A likely reason for this is the reactive tissue response to the devices following implantation into the brain, which is characterized by neuronal loss and glial encapsulation. We have developed a neural stem cell-seeded probe to facilitate integration of a synthetic prosthesis with the surrounding brain tissue. We fabricated parylene devices that include an open well seeded with neural stem cells encapsulated in an alginate hydrogel scaffold. Quantitative and qualitative data describing the distribution of neuronal, glial, and progenitor cells surrounding seeded and control devices are reported over four time points spanning 3 months. Neuronal loss and glial encapsulation associated with cell-seeded probes were mitigated during the initial week of implantation and exacerbated by 6 weeks post-insertion compared to control conditions. We hypothesize that graft cells secrete neuroprotective and neurotrophic factors that effect the desired healing response early in the study, with subsequent cell death and scaffold degradation accounting for a reversal of these results later. Applications of this biohybrid technology include future long-term neural recording and sensing studies.
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Tissue at the electrode interface demonstrates re-emergence of markers associated with development and re-entry into the cell cycle, indicating plasticity in the local environment of neural prostheses.
“Finally, the tissue at the electrode interface demonstrates the re-emergence of markers associated with development and re-entry into the cell cycle, indicating plasticity in the local environment of neural prostheses.87,92,93”
From Regenerative Electrode Interfaces for Neural Prostheses. (2016) · cites this paper as [87]
The ‘Scaffold condition effects on neuronal and non-neuronal densities’ section (page not provided) reports doublecortin, a marker associated with migrating neuronal precursors, in host tissue one week after implantation. It treats the significance of that finding cautiously and does not report markers of cell-cycle re-entry. The claim is supported for a developmental marker at the interface, but not for cell-cycle re-entry or a demonstrated conclusion about local plasticity. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredImmunohistochemistry showed evidence of graft cells within the device channel one day following implantation in a rat brain.
“Immunohistochemistry showed evidence of graft cells (white arrowheads) within the device channel one day following implantation in a rat brain”
From Regenerative Electrode Interfaces for Neural Prostheses. (2016) · cites this paper as [87]
Incorporation of neural stem and progenitor cells on CNS prostheses has been achieved through hydrogel scaffolding.
“More recently, concepts for neural stem and progenitor cell-seeded CNS prostheses have been reported, where incorporation on the device has been achieved through hydrogel scaffolding 87 or attachment to laminin 88 (Fig. 4).”
From Regenerative Electrode Interfaces for Neural Prostheses. (2016) · cites this paper as [87]
Concepts for neural stem and progenitor cell-seeded CNS prostheses have been reported.
“More recently, concepts for neural stem and progenitor cell-seeded CNS prostheses have been reported, where incorporation on the device has been achieved through hydrogel scaffolding 87 or attachment to laminin 88 (Fig. 4).”
From Regenerative Electrode Interfaces for Neural Prostheses. (2016) · cites this paper as [87]
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- Authors
- Purcell, E. K., Seymour, J. P., Yandamuri, S., & Kipke, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neural Engineering
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2009-03-13
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 026005
- ISSN
- 1741-2552 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2560
- PMC
- PMC2930820
- OpenAlex
- W2083395032
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neural Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Michigan
- Directorate for Biological Sciences
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (P41EB002030)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Conducting polymers and applications
- Keywords
- neural stem cells, neuroprosthetics, parylene, neuronal loss, neuroprotection, neurotrophic factors, scaffold degradation, chronic neural recording, biohybrid devices, brain implantation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Cell Count, Cell Line, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neuroglia, Neurons, Polymers, Stem Cells, Xylenes, Linear Models, Cell Death, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prostheses and Implants, Stem Cell Transplantation, Mice, Rats
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