Alginate hydrogels as synthetic extracellular matrix materials
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels are used extensively in cell encapsulation, cell transplantation, and tissue engineering applications. Alginates possess many favorable properties required in biomaterials, but are unable to specifically interact with mammalian cells. We have therefore covalently modified alginate polysaccharides with RGD-containing cell adhesion ligands utilizing aqueous carbodiimide chemistry. The chemistry has been optimized and quantified with reaction efficiencies reaching 80% or greater. The concentration of peptide available for reaction was then varied to create hydrogels with a range of ligand densities. Mouse skeletal myoblasts were cultured on alginate hydrogel surfaces coupled with GRGDY peptides to illustrate achievement of cellular interaction with the otherwise non-adhesive hydrogel substrate. Myoblasts adhere to GRGDY-modified alginate surfaces, proliferate, fuse into multinucleated myofibrils, and express heavy-chain myosin which is a differentiation marker for skeletal muscle. Myoblast adhesion and spreading on these GRGDY-modified hydrogels was inhibited with soluble ligand added to the seeding medium, illustrating the specificity of adhesion to these materials. Alginate may prove to be an ideal material with which to confer specific cellular interactive properties, potentially allowing for the control of long-term gene expression of cells within these matrices.
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Proteins are unable to interact with alginate matrix, and as such ECM-cell signaling is lacking in alginate models and is considered a more synthetic ECM that can be biofunctionalized by the addition of peptides.
“However, proteins are unable to interact with the matrix, and as such ECM-cell signaling is lacking in alginate models and is considered a more synthetic ECM that can be biofunctionalized by the addition of peptides (Rowley et al., 1999).”
From Three-dimensional modelling of ovarian cancer: from cell lines to organoids for discovery and personalized medicine (2022) · cites this paper as Rowley et al., 1999
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- Authors
- Rowley, J. A., Madlambayan, G., & Mooney, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mooney, David J.
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-53
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1970576706
- Cited by
- 2,342
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 90 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 144 · 2019: 144 · 2018: 145 · 2017: 142 · 2016: 124 · 2015: 139 · 2014: 124 · 2013: 102 · 2012: 118
- FWCI
- 12.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29dk050715-05)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM145304)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R29 DK50715)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1-HD-7-3263)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
- Keywords
- alginate hydrogel, covalent modification, carbodiimide coupling, synthetic extracellular matrix, skeletal myoblasts, myoblast fusion, myosin heavy chain expression, ligand density, cell encapsulation, tissue engineering scaffolds
- MeSH terms
- Alginates, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Cell Adhesion, Cell Division, Cell Line, Extracellular Matrix, Indicators and Reagents, Ligands, Oligopeptides, Muscle, Skeletal, Hydrogels, Mice
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