Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on glycemic control, blood pressure, and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with treated hypertension,,
Open accessAbstract
Background n-3 Fatty acids lower blood pressure, improve lipids, and benefit other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Effects on glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes are uncertain.Objective We determined whether purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have differential effects on glycemic control, including insulin sensitivity and stimulated insulin secretion; 24-h ambulatory blood pressure; and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with treated hypertension.Design In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of parallel design, 59 subjects were randomly assigned to consume 4 g EPA, DHA, or olive oil/d for 6 wk while continuing to consume their usual diet.Results Thirty-nine men and 12 postmenopausal women with a mean (+/- SE) age of 61.2 +/- 1.2 y completed the study. In comparison with the change from baseline in fasting glucose in the olive oil group, fasting glucose in the EPA and DHA groups increased 1.40 +/- 0.29 mmol/L (P = 0.002) and 0.98 +/- 0.29 mmol/L (P = 0.002), respectively. Neither EPA nor DHA had significant effects on glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin or C-peptide, insulin sensitivity or secretion, or blood pressure. Serum triacylglycerols in the EPA and DHA groups decreased 19% (P = 0.022) and 15% (P = 0.022), respectively. There were no significant changes in serum total, LDL, or HDL cholesterol, although HDL(2) cholesterol in the EPA and DHA groups increased 16% (P = 0.026) and 12% (P = 0.05), respectively. HDL(3) cholesterol decreased 11% (P = 0.026) with EPA supplementation.Conclusions EPA and DHA had similar benefits on lipids but adverse effects on short-term glycemic control in hypertensive diabetic patients. The overall implications for cardiovascular disease require long-term evaluation.
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In humans, dietary DHA is retroconverted to EPA.
“In humans, dietary DHA is retroconverted to EPA”
Production of DHA from EPA is not observed in humans.
“while production of DHA from EPA is not observed.”
Comparing EPA treatment with DHA treatment, or DHA treatment with OM3FA treatment, generally shows similar and small or no effects on LDL-C levels.
“Comparing EPA treatment with DHA treatment, or DHA treatment with OM3FA treatment, generally shows similar and small or no effects on LDL-C levels [18, 19, 23–26].”
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- Authors
- Woodman, R. J., Mori, T. A., Burke, V., Puddey, I. B., Watts, G. F., & Beilin, L. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1007-1015
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114249119
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 6.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, glycemic control, fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, blood pressure, serum lipids, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, olive oil
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, Aged, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Double-Blind Method, Fatty Acids, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypertension, Insulin, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipids, Plant Oils, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
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