Selected food intake and risk of endometriosis
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To offer data on the relationship between diet and risk of pelvic endometriosis, we analysed data collected in the framework of two case-control studies. METHODS: Data from two case-control studies conducted in Northern Italy between 1984 and 1999 were combined. Cases were 504 women aged < 65 years (median age 33 years, range 20-65) with a laparoscopically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis, admitted to a network of obstetrics and gynaecology departments in Milan, Brescia and Pavia. Controls were 504 women (median age 34 years, range 20-61) admitted for acute non-gynaecological, non-hormonal, non-neoplastic conditions. RESULTS: Compared to women in the lowest tertile of intake, a significant reduction in risk emerged for higher intake of green vegetables [odds ratio (OR) = 0.3 for the highest tertile of intake] and fresh fruit (OR = 0.6), whereas an increase in risk was associated with high intake of beef and other red meat (OR = 2.0) and ham (OR = 1.8). Consumption of milk, liver, carrots, cheese, fish and whole-grain foods, as well as coffee and alcohol consumption, were not significantly related to endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a link between diet and risk of endometriosis.
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Consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits is considered the most beneficial for preventing the development of endometriosis.
“The consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits is considered to be the most beneficial [51].”
From Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature) (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
Red meat exerts an antagonistic effect on the development of endometriosis compared to vegetables and fruits.
“Red meat exerts an antagonistic effect on the development of endometriosis compared to vegetables and fruits.”
From Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature) (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Parazzini, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Parazzini, F.
- ORCID
- Parazzini, F.
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-06-03
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1755-1759
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- OpenAlex
- W2143617252
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi del Molise (submittedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- endometriosis, dietary intake, diet and disease risk, green vegetables, fresh fruits, red meat consumption, ham, whole grains, coffee consumption, alcohol consumption, liver consumption, fish consumption
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Eating, Endometriosis, Female, Food, Fruit, Humans, Italy, Meat, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Risk Factors, Vegetables, Case-Control Studies
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