Biofilms and beyond: Expanding echinocandin utility
Open accessAbstract
Echinocandins have been in use for over 15 years, starting with the first approval in 2001. Current trends, such as increasing resistance to fluconazole and shifts toward non-albicans spp. of Candida, suggest a growing role for echinocandins, as reflected by recent (2016) updates to guidelines that recommend echinocandins as first-line treatment for candidaemia. The efficacy, tolerability, and safety of echinocandins and their target site of action (1,3-β-d-glucan synthesis) have prompted research into potential new uses, such as for treatment of biofilm infections, MDR Candida auris and dermatophytes. Moreover, new mycobiome discoveries linking inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; for instance Crohn's disease) to fungi have led to preliminary but encouraging data regarding echinocandin therapy and treatment of IBD. In this article, we will review the available evidence and potential utility of echinocandins and 1,3-β-d-glucan synthesis inhibition in these areas of emerging interest.
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The mechanism of action of amphotericin B is to bind to ergosterol in the plasma membrane, resulting in leakage of cytoplasmic materials and cellular destruction.
“The mechanism of action of AmB is to bind to ergosterol in the plasma membrane resulting in the leakage of cytoplasmic materials and cellular destruction [51,98].”
From Candida glabrata: pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms for adaptation and survival (2021) · cites this paper as [98]
Newer azoles such as posaconazole and voriconazole replaced fluconazole in prophylaxis routines and have raised similar concerns about resistance and drug-drug interactions as observed in azoles.
“These findings agreed with the view of Larkin et al. [98] that newer azoles, such as posaconazole and voriconazole, replaced fluconazole in prophylaxis routines and have raised similar concerns about resistance and drug-drug interactions as observed in azoles.”
From Candida glabrata: pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms for adaptation and survival (2021) · cites this paper as [98]
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Candida glabrata: pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms for adaptation and survival
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- Authors
- Larkin, E. L., Dharmaiah, S., & Ghannoum, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ghannoum, Mahmoud A
- Venue
- Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-01-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- suppl_1
- Pages
- i73-i81
- ISSN
- 0305-7453 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2091
- OpenAlex
- W2781618508
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cidara Therapeutics
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Keywords
- echinocandins, biofilm-associated infections, Candida auris, dermatophytes, candidemia, non-albicans Candida, antifungal resistance, fungal communities, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, antifungal drug repurposing
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida, Mycoses, Proteoglycans, Biofilms, beta-Glucans, Biosynthetic Pathways, Echinocandins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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