The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neurocognitive predictors of work outcome in recent-onset schizophrenia.
Open accessAbstract
While the role of neurocognitive impairment in predicting functional outcome in chronic schizophrenia is now widely accepted, the results that have examined this relationship in the early phase of psychosis are surprisingly rather mixed. The predictive role of cognitive impairment early in the illness is of particular interest because interventions during this initial period may help to prevent the development of chronic disability. In a University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) longitudinal study, we assessed schizophrenia patients with a recent first episode of psychosis using a neurocognitive battery at an initial clinically stabilized outpatient point and then followed them during continuous treatment over the next 9 months. Three orthogonal cognitive factors were derived through principal components analysis: working memory, attention and early perceptual processing, and verbal memory and processing speed. All patients were provided a combination of maintenance antipsychotic medication, case management, group skills training, and family education in a UCLA research clinic. A modified version of the Social Adjustment Scale was used to assess work outcome. Multiple regression analyses indicate that the combination of the 3 neurocognitive factors predicts 52% of the variance in return to work or school by 9 months after outpatient clinical stabilization. These data strongly support the critical role of neurocognitive factors in recovery of work functioning after an onset of schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation and other interventions targeting these early cognitive deficits are of major importance to attempts to prevent chronic disability.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Cognitive dysfunction in human patients with schizophrenia is rapidly being considered amongst the most debilitating aspects of schizophrenia (Nuechterlein et al., 2011) and the severity of cognitive dysfunction is a key determinant of the functional outcome following treatment (Goldberg and Green, 2002).”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Nuechterlein et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)
Hu, R. J. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-12-226870-9/01070-4 · Cited by 9,168
VALIDITY OF THE TRAIL MAKING TEST AS AN INDICATOR OF ORGANIC BRAIN DAMAGE
Reitan, R. M. (1958) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1958.8.3.271 · Cited by 8,167
Spitzer, R. L. (1978) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770300115013 · Cited by 6,946
What are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia?
(1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.3.321 · Cited by 3,516
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Braff, D. L., & Mintz, J. (2000) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430 · Cited by 2,999
Self-citationThe MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity
Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Baade, L. E., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J. D., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F. J., Gold, J. M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07010042 · Cited by 2,342
Fett, A.-K. J., Viechtbauer, W., Dominguez, M.-D.-G., Penn, D. L., van Os, J., & Krabbendam, L. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.001 · Cited by 1,833
Assessment of social adjustment by patient self report.
Weissman, M. M. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090101010 · Cited by 1,782
A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Remediation for Schizophrenia: Methodology and Effect Sizes
Wykes, T., Huddy, V., Cellard, C., McGurk, S. R., & Czobor, P. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10060855 · Cited by 1,693
Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., & Heaton, R. K. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.009 · Cited by 1,422
Identification of separable cognitive factors in schizophrenia
Nuechterlein, K. H., Barch, D. M., Gold, J. M., Goldberg, T. E., Green, M. F., & Heaton, R. K. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.007 · Cited by 1,304
A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia
McGurk, S. R., Twamley, E. W., Sitzer, D. I., McHugo, G. J., & Mueser, K. T. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07060906 · Cited by 1,214
Nuechterlein, K. H., & Dawson, M. E. (1984) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/10.2.160 · Cited by 1,142
Neurocognition in first-episode schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review.
Mesholam-Gately, R. I., Giuliano, A. J., Goff, K. P., Faraone, S. V., & Seidman, L. J. (2009) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/a0014708 · Cited by 1,130
VALIDITY OF THE TRAIL MAKING TEST AS AN INDICATOR OF ORGANIC BRAIN DAMAGE
Reitan, R. M. (1958) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.8.7.271-276 · Cited by 1,088
Green, M. F., Nuechterlein, K. H., Gold, J. M., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F., Goldberg, T. E., Heaton, R. K., et al. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.023 · Cited by 919
Snitz, B. E. (2005) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi048 · Cited by 714
Ventura, J., Hellemann, G., Thames, A. D., Koellner, V., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2009) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.035 · Cited by 598
Training and quality assurance with the structured clinical interview for DSM-iV (SCID-I/P)
Ventura, J., Liberman, R. P., Green, M. F., Shaner, A., & Mintz, J. (1998) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00038-9 · Cited by 591 · cited 1×
“Our diagnosticians were rigorously trained to high interrater reliability standards and participated in an ongoing quality assurance program.(22) A Psychiatric and Social History Schedule was also completed to provide information on demographics, symptom history, and premorbid adjustment.”
MethodBowie, C. R., Depp, C. A., McGrath, J. A., Wolyniec, P. S., Mausbach, B. T., Thornquist, M. H., Luke, J. R., Patterson, T. L., Harvey, P. D., & Pulver, A. E. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09101406 · Cited by 468
Developmental Processes in Schizophrenic Disorders: Longitudinal Studies of Vulnerability and Stress
Nuechterlein, K. H., Dawson, M. E., Gitlin, M. J., Ventura, J., Goldstein, M. J., Snyder, K. S., Yee, C. M., & Mintz, J. (1992) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/18.3.387 · Cited by 465
Visual Sustained Attention: Image Degradation Produces Rapid Sensitivity Decrement Over Time
Nuechterlein, K. H., Parasuraman, R., & Jiang, Q. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6836276 · Cited by 426
Marder, S. R., & Fenton, W. S. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.010 · Cited by 419
Seidman, L. J. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.66 · Cited by 410
Longitudinal Neuropsychological Follow-Up Study of Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia
Hoff, A. L., Sakuma, M., Wieneke, M. H., Horon, R., Kushner, M., & DeLisi, L. E. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.9.1336 · Cited by 363
Sergi, M. J., Rassovsky, Y., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Green, M. F. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.448 · Cited by 353
The functional significance of symptomatology and cognitive function in schizophrenia
Velligan, D. I., Mahurin, R. K., Diamond, P., Hazleton, B. C., Eckert, S. L., & Miller, A. L. (1997) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(97)00010-8 · Cited by 345
Harvey, P. D., Howanitz, E. M., Parrella, M. J., WHITE, L. E., Davidson, M., Mohs, R. C., Hoblyn, J. C., & Davis, K. L. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.8.1080 · Cited by 337
Attentional Vulnerability Indicators, Thought Disorder, and Negative Symptoms
Nuechterlein, K. H., Edell, W., Norris, M., & Dawson, M. E. (1986) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/12.3.408 · Cited by 300
Killackey, E. J., Jackson, H. J., & McGorry, P. D. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.043109 · Cited by 299
Censits, D. M., Ragland, J. D., Gur, R. C., & Gur, R. E. (1997) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(96)00091-6 · Cited by 285
McGurk, S. R., Mueser, K. T., DeRosa, T., & Wolfe, R. S. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn182 · Cited by 271
Residual performance deficit in clinically remitted schizophrenics: A marker of schizophrenia?
Asarnow, R. F., & MacCrimmon, D. J. (1978) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.87.6.597 · Cited by 255
Overall, J. E. (1967) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1967.01730200014003 · Cited by 253
Oltmanns, T. F., & Neale, J. M. (1975) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0076721 · Cited by 246
Neurocognitive performance and functional disability in the psychosis prodrome
Niendam, T. A., Bearden, C. E., Johnson, J. K., McKinley, M., Loewy, R. L., O’Brien, M. P., Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., & Cannon, T. D. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.02.005 · Cited by 244
Backward Masking in Schizophrenia and Mania
Green, M. F. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950120017004 · Cited by 209
Nuechterlein, K. H., Subotnik, K. L., Turner, L. R., Ventura, J., Becker, D. R., & Drake, R. E. (2008) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.2975/31.4.2008.340.349 · Cited by 200
Residual performance deficit in clinically remitted schizophrenics: A marker of schizophrenia?
Asarnow, R. F., & MacCrimmon, D. J. (1978) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.87.6.597 · Cited by 192
Self-citationAllott, K., Liu, P., Proffitt, T., & Killackey, E. J. (2010) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.11.001 · Cited by 165
Neuropsychology, Psychophysiology and Information Processing
Steinhauer, S. R., Gruzelier, J. H., Zubin, J., & Nasrallah, H. A. (1992) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 158
Stability of cognitive functioning early in the course of schizophrenia
Nopoulos, P., Flashman, L. A., Flaum, M. A., Arndt, S. V., & Andreasen, N. C. (1994) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/0920-9964(94)90006-x · Cited by 126
Remission and recovery during the first outpatient year of the early course of schizophrenia
Ventura, J., Subotnik, K. L., Guzik, L. H., Hellemann, G., Gitlin, M. J., Wood, R. C., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2011) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.06.025 · Cited by 110
Rinaldi, M., Mcneil, K., Firn, M., Koletsi, M., Perkins, R., & Singh, S. P. (2004) · Psychiatric Bulletin · doi:10.1192/pb.28.8.281 · Cited by 98
Cognitive functioning in first-episode schizophrenia
Addington, J., & Addington, D. E. (2002) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0222 · Cited by 97
Nuechterlein, K., Miklowitz, D., Ventura, J., Gitlin, M., Stoddard, M., & Lukoff, D. (2006) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2004.04.018 · Cited by 50
Breaking the log-jam in treatment development for cognition in schizophrenia: NIMH perspective
Fenton, W. S., Stover, E. L., & Insel, T. R. (2003) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1564-1 · Cited by 33
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Addington, 2002, Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 27, 188
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cognition in schizophrenia: core psychological and neural mechanisms
Barch, D. M., & Ceaser, A. E. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.11.015 · Cited by 792
Barnes, T. R. E., Drake, R., Paton, C., Cooper, S. J., Deakin, J. F. W., Ferrier, I. N., Gregory, C. J., Haddad, P. M., Howes, O. D., Jones, I. R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881119889296 · Cited by 615
Firth, J., Stubbs, B., Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Malchow, B., Schuch, F., Elliott, R., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Yung, A. R. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw115 · Cited by 488
Recent Advances in Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia
Kopelowicz, A. J. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl023 · Cited by 342
Neurocognition: Clinical and Functional Outcomes in Schizophrenia
Lepage, M., Bodnar, M. D., & Bowie, C. R. (2014) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371405900103 · Cited by 268
Metadata
- Authors
- Nuechterlein, K. H., Subotnik, K. L., Green, M. F., Ventura, J., Asarnow, R. F., Gitlin, M. J., Yee, C. M., Gretchen-Doorly, D., & Mintz, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nuechterlein, K. H.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-08-22
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- suppl 2
- Pages
- S33-S40
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC3160123
- OpenAlex
- W2102694811
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 14.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Janssen Scientific Affairs
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH037705, MH-066286, MH030911, R01MH037705, P50MH066286)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Education › Disability Education and Employment
- Keywords
- recent-onset schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cognition, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Regression Analysis, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Adjustment, Time Factors, Work, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review