The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
More than one way to skin . . .
Open accessAbstract
Epithelial stem cells in the skin are specified during development and are governed by epithelial–mesenchymal interactions to differentially adopt the cell fates that enable them to form the epidermis, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland. In the adult, each of three epithelial lineages maintains their own stem cell population for self-renewal and normal tissue homeostasis. However, in response to injury, at least some of these stem cell niches can be mobilized to repair an epithelial tissue whose resident stem cells have been damaged. How do these stem cell populations respond to multiple signaling networks, activate migration, and proliferation, and differentiate along a specific lineage? Recent clues add new pieces to this multidimensional puzzle. Understanding how these stem cells maintain normal homeostasis and wound repair in the skin is particularly important, as these mechanisms, when defective, lead to skin tissue diseases including cancers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In contrast, epidermal keratinocytes require continuous upward extrusion in order to turn over and renew the tissue37.”
From E-cadherin integrates mechanotransduction and EGFR signaling to control junctional tissue polarization and tight junction positioning (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wnt signalling in stem cells and cancer
Reya, T., & Clevers, H. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03319 · Cited by 3,666
Cotsarelis, G., Sun, T.-T., & Lavker, R. M. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90696-c · Cited by 2,276
PPARγ Is Required for the Differentiation of Adipose Tissue In Vivo and In Vitro
Rosen, E. D., Sarraf, P., Troy, A. E., Bradwin, G., Moore, K. J., Milstone, D. S., Spiegelman, B. M., & Mortensen, R. M. (1999) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80211-7 · Cited by 2,081
Defining the Epithelial Stem Cell Niche in Skin
Tumbar, T., Guasch, G., Greco, V., Blanpain, C., Lowry, W. E., Rendl, M., & Fuchs, E. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1092436 · Cited by 2,031
Self-citationBlanpain, C., Lowry, W. E., Geoghegan, A., Polak, L., & Fuchs, E. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.08.012 · Cited by 1,428
Self-citationβ-Catenin Controls Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Stem Cell Differentiation in the Skin
Huelsken, J., Vogel, R., Erdmann, B., Cotsarelis, G., & Birchmeier, W. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00336-1 · Cited by 1,352
Ito, M., Liu, Y., Yang, Z., Nguyen, J., Liang, F., Morris, R. J., & Cotsarelis, G. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1328 · Cited by 1,317
Three clonal types of keratinocyte with different capacities for multiplication.
Barrandon, Y., & Green, H. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2302 · Cited by 1,293
Capturing and profiling adult hair follicle stem cells
Morris, R. J., Liu, Y., Marles, L., Yang, Z., Trempus, C., Li, S., Lin, J. S., Sawicki, J. A., & Cotsarelis, G. (2004) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt950 · Cited by 1,283
De Novo Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Hair Tumors in Mice Expressing a Truncated β-Catenin in Skin
Gat, U., DasGupta, R., Degenstein, L., & Fuchs, E. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81631-1 · Cited by 1,089
Self-citationInvolvement of Follicular Stem Cells in Forming Not Only the Follicle but Also the Epidermis
Taylor, G., Lehrer, M. S., Jensen, P. J., Sun, T.-T., & Lavker, R. M. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00050-7 · Cited by 1,070
Epidermal growth factor and the multiplication of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes
Rheinwald, J. G., & Green, H. (1977) · Nature · doi:10.1038/265421a0 · Cited by 1,067
Wnt-dependent de novo hair follicle regeneration in adult mouse skin after wounding
Ito, M., Yang, Z., Andl, T., Cui, C., Kim, N., Millar, S. E., & Cotsarelis, G. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05766 · Cited by 1,064
Asymmetric cell divisions promote stratification and differentiation of mammalian skin
Lechler, T., & Fuchs, E. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03922 · Cited by 998
Self-citationScratching the surface of skin development
Fuchs, E. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05659 · Cited by 930
Self-citationEpidermal Stem Cells of the Skin
Blanpain, C., & Fuchs, E. V. (2006) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010305.104357 · Cited by 882
Self-citationp63 Is Essential for the Proliferative Potential of Stem Cells in Stratified Epithelia
Senoo, M., Pinto, F., Crum, C. P., & McKeon, F. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.045 · Cited by 881 · cited 2×
“…circuitries, functional studies suggest a role for the p63 isoform Np63 in the maintenance of the proliferative potential of epidermal cells (Senoo et al. 2007 and references therein). p63 is a relative of the established tumor suppressor p53, which typically restricts proliferation by…”
BackgroundNotch signaling is a direct determinant of keratinocyte growth arrest and entry into differentiation
Rangarajan, A., Talora, C., Okuyama, R., Nicolas, M., Mammucari, C., Oh, H., Aster, J. C., Krishna, S., METZGER, D., Chambon, P., et al. (2001) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/20.13.3427 · Cited by 867
A single type of progenitor cell maintains normal epidermis
Clayton, E., Doupé, D. P., Klein, A. M., Winton, D. J., Simons, B. D., & Jones, P. H. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05574 · Cited by 853
A skin microRNA promotes differentiation by repressing ‘stemness’
Yi, R., Poy, M. N., Stoffel, M., & Fuchs, E. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06642 · Cited by 790
Self-citationStem cell patterning and fate in human epidermis
Jones, P. H., Harper, S. J., & Watt, F. M. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90453-0 · Cited by 783
Cyclic dermal BMP signalling regulates stem cell activation during hair regeneration
Plikus, M. V., Mayer, J. A., de la Cruz, D., Baker, R. E., Maini, P. K., Maxson, R. E., & Chuong, C. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06457 · Cited by 768
Massagué, J., & Gomis, R. R. (2006) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.04.033 · Cited by 741
Molecular principles of hair follicle induction and morphogenesis
Schmidt‐Ullrich, R., & Paus, R. (2005) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20184 · Cited by 557
Distinct Wnt signaling pathways have opposing roles in appendage regeneration
Stoick-Cooper, C. L., Weidinger, G., Riehle, K. J., Hubbert, C. C., Major, M. B., Fausto, N., & Moon, R. T. (2006) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.001123 · Cited by 533
p63 regulates proliferation and differentiation of developmentally mature keratinocytesPreprint
Truong, A. B., Kretz, M., Ridky, T. W., Kimmel, R. A., & Khavari, P. A. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1463206 · Cited by 489
Molecular Dissection of Mesenchymal–Epithelial Interactions in the Hair Follicle
Rendl, M., Lewis, L. E., & Fuchs, E. V. (2005) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030331 · Cited by 476
Self-citationTHE EPIDERMAL PROLIFERATIVE UNIT: THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF THE CENTRAL BASAL CELL
Potten, C. S. (1974) · Cell Proliferation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2184.1974.tb00401.x · Cited by 454
Canonical notch signaling functions as a commitment switch in the epidermal lineagePreprint
Blanpain, C., Lowry, W. E., Pasolli, H. A., & Fuchs, E. V. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1477606 · Cited by 444
Self-citationVidal, V., Chaboissier, M., Lützkendorf, S., Cotsarelis, G., Mill, P., Hui, C., Ortonne, N., Ortonne, J. P., & Schedl, A. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.064 · Cited by 427
Blimp1 Defines a Progenitor Population that Governs Cellular Input to the Sebaceous Gland
Horsley, V., O'Carroll, D., Tooze, R., Ohinata, Y., Saitou, M., Obukhanych, T., Nussenzweig, M., Tarakhovsky, A., & Fuchs, E. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.06.048 · Cited by 426
Self-citationBraun, K. M., Niemann, C., Jensen, U. B., Sundberg, J. P., Silva-Vargas, V., & Watt, F. M. (2003) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.00703 · Cited by 425
NFATc1 Balances Quiescence and Proliferation of Skin Stem Cells
Horsley, V., Aliprantis, A. O., Polak, L., Glimcher, L. H., & Fuchs, E. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.047 · Cited by 424
Self-citationDistinct Stem Cell Populations Regenerate the Follicle and Interfollicular Epidermis
Levy, V., Lindon, C., Harfe, B. D., & Morgan, B. A. (2005) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2005.11.003 · Cited by 419
Defining the impact of β-catenin/Tcf transactivation on epithelial stem cellsPreprint
Lowry, W. E., Blanpain, C., Nowak, J. A., Guasch, G., Lewis, L. E., & Fuchs, E. V. (2005) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1324905 · Cited by 402
Self-citationMultiple classes of stem cells in cutaneous epithelium: a lineage analysis of adult mouse skin
Ghazizadeh, S., & Taichman, L. B. (2001) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/20.6.1215 · Cited by 347
Lhx2 Maintains Stem Cell Character in Hair Follicles
Rhee, H. H., Polak, L., & Fuchs, E. V. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1128004 · Cited by 345
Self-citationPan, Y., Lin, M., Tian, X., Cheng, H., Gridley, T., Shen, J., & Kopan, R. (2004) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.09.014 · Cited by 326
Mechanisms Regulating Epithelial Stratification
Koster, M. I., & Roop, D. R. (2007) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123357 · Cited by 324
Jensen, K. B., & Watt, F. M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0601886103 · Cited by 321
Kobielak, K., Stokes, N., Cruz-Racelis, J. D., Polak, L., & Fuchs, E. V. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0703004104 · Cited by 308
Self-citationLong-term renewal of hair follicles from clonogenic multipotent stem cells
Claudinot, S., Nicolas, M., Oshima, H., Rochat, A., & Barrandon, Y. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0507250102 · Cited by 308
Inhibition of Bmp signaling affects growth and differentiation in the anagen hair follicle
Kulessa, H., Turk, G., & Hogan, B. L. M. (2000) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/19.24.6664 · Cited by 303
Tcf3 Governs Stem Cell Features and Represses Cell Fate Determination in Skin
Nguyen, H., Rendl, M., & Fuchs, E. V. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.036 · Cited by 287
Self-citationGuasch, G., Schöber, M., Pasolli, H. A., Conn, E. B., Polak, L., & Fuchs, E. V. (2007) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2007.08.020 · Cited by 271
Self-citationVan Mater, D., Kolligs, F. T., Dlugosz, A. A., & Fearon, E. R. (2003) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1076103 · Cited by 263
Mig6 is a negative regulator of EGF receptor–mediated skin morphogenesis and tumor formation
Ferby, I., Reschke, M., Kudlacek, O., Knyazev, P. G., Panté, G., Amann, K., Sommergruber, W., Kraut, N., Ullrich, A., Fässler, R., et al. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1401 · Cited by 259
β 1 integrin function in vivo: Adhesion, migration and more
Brakebusch, C., & Fässler, R. (2005) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-005-5132-5 · Cited by 210
Niemann, C., Undén, A. B., Lyle, S. R., Zouboulis, C. C., Toftgård, R., & Watt, F. M. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1834202100 · Cited by 185
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Increase Human Sebum Production
Trivedi, N. R., Cong, Z., Nelson, A. M., Albert, A. J., Rosamilia, L. L., Sivarajah, S., Gilliland, K. L., Liu, W., Mauger, D. T., Gabbay, R. A., et al. (2006) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700336 · Cited by 184
Cdc42 controls progenitor cell differentiation and β-catenin turnover in skinPreprint
Wu, X., Quondamatteo, F., Lefever, T., Czuchra, A., Meyer, H., Chrostek, A., Paus, R., Langbein, L., & Brakebusch, C. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.361406 · Cited by 172
Legué, E., & Nicolas, J.-F. (2005) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.01975 · Cited by 169
Smad7-Induced β-Catenin Degradation Alters Epidermal Appendage Development
Han, G., Li, A. G., Liang, Y.-Y., Owens, P., He, W., Lu, S., Yoshimatsu, Y., Wang, D., ten Dijke, P., Lin, X., et al. (2006) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2006.06.014 · Cited by 163
Human sebaceous tumors harbor inactivating mutations in LEF1
Takeda, H., Lyle, S. R., Lazar, A. J., Zouboulis, C. C., Smyth, I., & Watt, F. M. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1386 · Cited by 153
Targeted deletion of the TGF-beta 1 gene causes rapid progression to squamous cell carcinoma.Preprint
Glick, A. B., Lee, M., Darwiche, N., Kulkarni, A. B., Karlsson, S., & Yuspa, S. H. (1994) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.8.20.2429 · Cited by 153
Vitamin D receptor is essential for normal keratinocyte stem cell function
Cianferotti, L., Cox, M. K., Skorija, K., & Demay, M. B. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0702884104 · Cited by 148
Zanet, J., Pibre, S., Jacquet, C., Ramirez, A., de Alborán, I. M., & Gandarillas, A. (2005) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.02298 · Cited by 123
Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Sebaceous Gland Development
Allen, M., Grachtchouk, M. A., Sheng, H., Grachtchouk, V., Wang, A., Wei, L., Liu, J., Ramı́rez, Á., METZGER, D., Chambon, P., et al. (2003) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63574-2 · Cited by 122
Yang, L., Mao, C., Teng, Y., Li, W., Zhang, J., Cheng, X., Li, X., Han, X., Xia, Z., Deng, H., et al. (2005) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-0800 · Cited by 107
Frye, M., Fisher, A. G., & Watt, F. M. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000763 · Cited by 100
Óskarsson, T., Essers, M. A. G., Dubois, N. C., Offner, S., Dubey, C., Roger, C., METZGER, D., Chambon, P., Hümmler, E., Beard, P., et al. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.381206 · Cited by 84
Hairless Suppresses Vitamin D Receptor Transactivation in Human Keratinocytes
Xie, Z., Chang, S., Oda, Y., & Bikle, D. D. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2005-1111 · Cited by 80
Ordered Structure of The Epidermis
Mackenzie, I. C. (1975) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12598037 · Cited by 77
EGF Signaling Patterns the Feather Array by Promoting the Interbud Fate
Atit, R. P., Conlon, R. A., & Niswander, L. A. (2003) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/s1534-5807(03)00021-2 · Cited by 45
Double Duty for Rac1 in Epidermal Wound Healing
DiPersio, C. M. (2007) · Science s STKE · doi:10.1126/stke.3912007pe33 · Cited by 19
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Hair Follicle as a Dynamic Miniorgan
Schneider, M. R., Schmidt-Ullrich, R., & Paus, R. (2009) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.005 · Cited by 1,119
Knop, E., Knop, N., Millar, T., Obata, H., & Sullivan, D. A. (2011) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6997c · Cited by 1,093
Lgr6 Marks Stem Cells in the Hair Follicle That Generate All Cell Lineages of the Skin
Snippert, H. J., Haegebarth, A., Kasper, M., Jaks, V., van Es, J. H., Barker, N., van de Wetering, M., van den Born, M., Begthel, H., Vries, R. G., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1184733 · Cited by 751
New developments in our understanding of acne pathogenesis and treatment
Kurokawa, I., Danby, F. W., Ju, Q., Wang, X., Xiang, L. F., Xia, L., Chen, W., Nagy, I., Picardo, M., Suh, D. H., et al. (2009) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00890.x · Cited by 584
Mitchell, K. J., Pannérec, A., Cadot, B., Parlakian, A., Besson, V., Gomes, E. R., Marazzi, G., & Sassoon, D. A. (2010) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2025 · Cited by 442
Metadata
- Authors
- Fuchs, E., & Horsley, V.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Venue
- Genes & Development
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2008-04-15
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 976-985
- ISSN
- 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-5477
- PMC
- PMC2732395
- OpenAlex
- W2024962684
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 25
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Genes & Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K99AR054775)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Hair Growth and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- stem cell niche, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, epidermis, hair follicle, sebaceous glands, tissue homeostasis, wound healing, stem cell mobilization, stem cell differentiation, skin cancer, cell fate specification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Epidermis, Humans, Models, Biological, Sebaceous Glands, Skin, Stem Cells, Hair Follicle
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review