Mindfulness training in the workplace: Exploring its scope and outcomes
Open accessAbstract
Purpose As the concept of mindfulness gains popularity in the workplace, there is a need to understand the extent to which mindfulness-related practices are integrated into training and development activities and the impact of these practices on employees and organizations. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the scope of mindfulness as an intervention in the workplace and to identify outcomes of mindfulness-related training activities at the individual, job/work, team/group and organizational levels. Design/methodology/approach Torraco (2005) and Briner and Denyer's (2012) four steps (search, selection, analysis and synthesis) for conducting an integrative literature review were used for this study. This method enabled us to compare and contrast relevant articles, integrate distributed information, create new knowledge and provide research directions on mindfulness practices in work settings. Findings Through a revision of 28 empirical studies, the authors found that mindfulness-based training is an effective intervention for organizations to improve mental health, wellbeing and performance of employees. A total of 51 significant outcomes of mindfulness-related training categorized at the individual (23), job/work (17), group/team (7) and organizational (4) levels were identified. Practical implications Despite the benefits of mindfulness training, according to the research, only a handful of organizations have rolled-out this program for employees. The authors recommend that industry leaders and managers take a proactive approach and incorporate mindfulness-related practices as part of their professional development training for employees at all levels to improve personal and professional growth and performance. Originality/value This paper extends the emerging literature on mindfulness by providing a comprehensive summary of the consequences of mindfulness training at a multilevel context within the human resource development domain.
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Mindfulness training seems to improve employees' mental health, compassion and empathy, well-being, and performance.
“A mindfulness training seems to improve employees’ mental health, compassion and empathy, well-being, and performance [18,19,20].”
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“(2020) [19] Mindfulness training in the workplace: exploring its scope and outcomes This integrative literature review was conducted in order to compare and contrast relevant articles and information as well as create new knowledge and point out new research directions on mindfulness practices in work settings.”
BackgroundAssessing a Structured Mental Fitness Program for Academic Acute Care Surgeons: A Pilot Study
Bhat, S. G., Nagaraj, M. B., Balentine, C. J., Hogan, T. P., Meier, J., Prince, H. B., AbdelFattah, K. R., Zeh, H. J., & Lévi, B. (2023) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2023.09.052 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Review of Human Resource Management Practices Supporting the Development of Employee Wellbeing
Molnár, C., & Papp, I. C. (2023) · Új Munkaügyi Szemle · doi:10.58269/umsz.2023.3.2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Dinesh, T. K., Shetty, A., Gil, M. T., & Dsouza, K. J. (2022) · Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja · doi:10.1080/1331677x.2022.2154237 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Liska, H., Bentzoni, M., Donovan, C., Gaibel, B., Hueth, A., Johnson, A. L., Shepler, M., Roybal, D., & Mealer, M. L. (2024) · Journal of Healthcare Management · doi:10.1097/jhm-d-23-00123 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effects of training and development practices on performance of insurance sector in Kenya
Kajwang, B. (2022) · International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) · doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v11i4.1825 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Power of words”: impact, concerns and applications of nonviolent communication training
Korlipara, M., & Shah, H. (2022) · European journal of training and development · doi:10.1108/ejtd-03-2022-0030 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Silva, A. J., & Encarnação, C. (2024) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-01-2024-0058 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Puzia, M. E., Green, J., Clarke, C., Cloonan, S., & Huberty, J. (2022) · Environmental and Occupational Health Practice · doi:10.1539/eohp.2022-0001-oa · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hungo, M. O., Casinillo, L. F., Dagohoy, R. G., & Lleve, E. E. (2024) · Diversitas Journal · doi:10.48017/dj.v9i2.3035 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Aydoğmuş, C. (2022) · İş ve İnsan Dergisi · doi:10.18394/iid.1098426 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Aydın, Y., & Karaman, H. (2021) · Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi · doi:10.24106/kefdergi.741469 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Being a focused employee: Effects of job reattachment on cyberloafing.
Liu, M.-J., Sun, Y., Liu, T., & Qi, L. (2024) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3449 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Buffering Stress or Building Resources? A Test of Mindfulness Mechanisms in the Workplace
Herms, S., Sutton, A., & Näswall, K. (2025) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941251355190 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The link between mindfulness and workplace outcomes: does work–life balance matter?
Rahaman, M. M., Lalin, S. A. A., Hossain, M. A., & Rahman, M. Z. (2025) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-03-2025-5338 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Jadon, V., Halder, D., & Gupta, B. (2026) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107168 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Positioning mindfulness as psychological capital
Shahbaz, W., & Shahid, S. (2025) · Journal of Management History · doi:10.1108/jmh-05-2024-0074 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Budhiraja, S., & Rathi, N. (2022) · foresight · doi:10.1108/fs-08-2021-0156 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Who Experience Higher Level of Anxiety During COVID-19 Outbreak?
Zadeh, A. M. (2020) · Psychology and Mental Health Care · doi:10.31579/2637-8892/093 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wang, M., Qi, Y., & Cheng, J. (2025) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings15101602 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kavaratzis, S., & Choi, E. (2026) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2026.2631980 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Le, P. G. L., & Pham, V. K. (2026) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-026-07712-z · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mỹ, Q. M. T., Thị, T. T., & Nguyen, H. L. (2022) · Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies · doi:10.24311/jabes/2022.33.06.04 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Study to Explore the Relationship between Mindfulness and OCB in IT sector: An Indian Perspective
Soni, Y., & Dwivedi, R. (2013) · International Journal of Indian Psychology · doi:10.25215/0903.224 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
EFFECT OF STATE MINDFULNESS ON EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION AND WELL-BEING: ROLE OF WORK-FAMILY BALANCE
Khan, H. G. A., Abbass, Z., Akbar, M. F., & Khan, M. J. (2021) · International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences · doi:10.56536/ijmres.v11i3.152 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Catch and Release: Tools for Dealing with Teachers’ Stress
Bauman, A. (2023) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-80262-349-920231007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lohrmann, H., & Tirrel, H. (2024) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-01-2024-4167 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mindfulness in the business context: a multi-level model
Esteves, L., Franco, M., & Rodrigues, M. M. M. (2024) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-04-2024-4466 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Baguley, S. (2025) · International Coaching Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpsicpr.2025.20.1.78 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhu, D.-F., Yu-feng, Y., Wen, J., & Liu, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1589931 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Chhaniwal, N., & Ramirez, L. (2026) · European journal of training and development · doi:10.1108/ejtd-05-2025-0095 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ruiz‐Íñiguez, R., & de la Hera, C. M. A. (2026) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2026.2626601 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mindfulness training: its scope and outcomes in the workplace
(2021) · Human Resource Management International Digest · doi:10.1108/hrmid-11-2020-0255 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Örgütsel Davranış Araştırmalarında PLS-SEM Kullanımı
Seyrek, İ. H. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub224.c967 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
İş Yaşamında Bilinçli Farkındalık
Temiz, T. N., & Çiftçi, G. E. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub224.c975 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dinesh, T. K., & Shetty, A. (2023) · Vision The Journal of Business Perspective · doi:10.1177/09722629231191312 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dlaza, Z., & Chinyamurindi, W. (2023) · Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.53973/jopa.2023.58.2.a17 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mindfulness Training to Lower Anxiety in New College Students
Suhesty, A., Rasyid, M., Rahayu, D., Annabila, N., & Uli, T. D. (2023) · Indonesian Journal Of Educational Research and Review · doi:10.23887/ijerr.v6i2.60195 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bharti, T., & Ojha, S. (2024) · Global Knowledge Memory and Communication · doi:10.1108/gkmc-02-2024-0101 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lathabhavan, R., & Mehendale, S. (2025) · Mental Health and Social Inclusion · doi:10.1108/mhsi-12-2024-0216 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bansal, G., Punia, B. K., & Singh, M. (2025) · International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management · doi:10.1007/s13198-025-02828-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fakultas Psikologi, U. S., Putri, N. M. W. W. A., Yudiarso, A., & Fakultas Psikologi, U. S. (2021) · Mediapsi · doi:10.21776/ub.mps.2021.007.01.4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Infusing Mindfulness for Social Justice
Rashkova, Y., Moi, L., & Cabiddu, F. (2022) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-4981-3.ch011 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
MIGRAINOUS VERTIGO. An APPROACH
Ildefonso, R. (2021) · Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery · doi:10.31579/2578-8868/152
A Study to Explore the Relationship between Mindfulness and OCB in IT sector: An Indian PerspectivePreprint
Soni, Y., & Dwivedi, R. (2021) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/x94bg
A Study to Explore the Relationship between Mindfulness and OCB in IT sector: An Indian PerspectivePreprint
Soni, Y., & Dwivedi, R. (2021) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/vec9d
عثمان, م. ا. م. (2023) · مجلة الإرشاد النفسی · doi:10.21608/cpc.2023.305164
اليقظة العقلية لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية العامة في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموغرافية
(2023) · دراسات تربوية ونفسية مجلة کلية التربية بالزقازيق · doi:10.21608/sec.2023.329383
Infusing Mindfulness for Social Justice
Rashkova, Y., Moi, L., & Cabiddu, F. (2023) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2045-7.ch055
Kumar, S., Arora, R., & Panda, T. K. (2024) · Evidence-based HRM a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship · doi:10.1108/ebhrm-03-2023-0065
VŠÍMAVOSŤ A ROZVOJ VŠÍMAVOSTI V KONTEXTE MANAŽÉRSKEJ POZÍCIE V ZAMESTNANÍ
Lipták, E. (2023) · Psychológia práce a organizácie · doi:10.33542/ppo-0265-7-20
PSYCHOLÓGIA PRÁCE A ORGANIZÁCIE 2023
Bavoľár, J. (2023) · doi:10.33542/ppo-0265-7-00
Moharkonda, P. S., Rithani, J. M., Shakshitha, S., Balakrishnan, S. M., & Andi, H. K. (2024) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2651-0.ch008
Çiftçi, G. E., Gürer, A., & Solmaztürk, A. B. (2024) · İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi · doi:10.25204/iktisad.1447278
Mental Performance Programs in the Corporate World
Cortoos, A., & Bocksteins, M. (2024) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003378969-18
Mirza, F., & Chaudhry, N. I. (2024) · IIMT Journal of Management · doi:10.1108/iimtjm-11-2023-0049
Cultivating Calm: How Leader Humility, Satisfaction, and Mindfulness Tackle Employee DeviancePreprint
muhammad, Z., Rasool, S., Prentice, C., & Syed, O. R. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4975297
Did Anyone Say Mindfulness and Self-compassion in the Capitalist World? Oh No! Wait. Yes, Please!
Pacaci, Y. (2024) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s2051-233320240000010007
- Authors
- Johnson, K. R., Park, S., & Chaudhuri, S.
- Affiliations
- University of North Texas (US)
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Metropolitan State University (US)
- Venue
- European journal of training and development
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2020-01-02
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 4/5
- Pages
- 341-354
- ISSN
- 2046-9012 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3001866019
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- repository.lsu.edu
- Locations
- European journal of training and development (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Coaching Methods and Impact
- Keywords
- mindfulness training, workplace mindfulness, mindfulness-based interventions, employee well-being, employee mental health, employee performance, organizational outcomes, human resource development, professional development programs
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