ScanNet: Richly-Annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenes
Abstract
A key requirement for leveraging supervised deep learning methods is the availability of large, labeled datasets. Unfortunately, in the context of RGB-D scene understanding, very little data is available - current datasets cover a small range of scene views and have limited semantic annotations. To address this issue, we introduce ScanNet, an RGB-D video dataset containing 2.5M views in 1513 scenes annotated with 3D camera poses, surface reconstructions, and semantic segmentations. To collect this data, we designed an easy-to-use and scalable RGB-D capture system that includes automated surface reconstruction and crowd-sourced semantic annotation.We show that using this data helps achieve state-of-the-art performance on several 3D scene understanding tasks, including 3D object classification, semantic voxel labeling, and CAD model retrieval.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The videos in VSI-Bench are sourced from the validation sets of ScanNet, ScanNet++, and ARKitScenes.
“These videos are sourced from the validation sets of the public indoor 3D scene reconstruction datasets ScanNet [19], ScanNet++ [97], and ARKitScenes [5]”
From Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spaces (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
The benchmark aggregates existing 3D indoor scene understanding and reconstruction datasets: ScanNet, ScanNet++, and ARKitScenes.
“Our benchmark aggregates existing 3D indoor scene understanding and reconstruction datasets: ScanNet [19], ScanNet++ [97], and ARKitScenes [5].”
From Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spaces (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
Cites
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., & Hinton, G. E. (2017) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3065386 · Cited by 112,155 · see citing works
Indoor segmentation and support inference from rgbd images
Silberman, N., Hoiem, D., Kohli, P., & Fergus, R. (2012) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33715-4_54 · Cited by 5,760 · see citing works
Human3.6M: Large Scale Datasets and Predictive Methods for 3D Human Sensing in Natural Environments
Ionescu, C., Papava, D., Olaru, V., & Sminchisescu, C. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2013.248 · Cited by 3,653 · see citing works
SUN RGB-D: A RGB-D scene understanding benchmark suite
Song, S., Lichtenberg, S. P., & Xiao, J. (2015) · 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298655 · Cited by 1,943 · see citing works
Combining embedded accelerometers with computer vision for recognizing food preparation activities
Stein, S., & McKenna, S. J. (2013) · Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international joint conference on Pervasive and ubiquitous computing · doi:10.1145/2493432.2493482 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
RGBD-HuDaAct: A color-depth video database for human daily activity recognition
Ni, B., Wang, G., & Moulin, P. (2011) · 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops) · doi:10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130379 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Blaha, M., Vogel, C., Richard, A., Wegner, J. D., Pock, T., & Schindler, K. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.346 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Image segmentation using deep learning: A survey
Minaee, S., Boykov, Y. Y., Porikli, F., Plaza, A. J., Kehtarnavaz, N., & Terzopoulos, D. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2021.3059968 · Cited by 3,796 · see citing works
FaceForensics++: Learning to Detect Manipulated Facial Images
Rossler, A., Cozzolino, D., Verdoliva, L., Riess, C., Thies, J., & Niessner, M. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00009 · Cited by 3,314 · see citing works
Self-citationSemanticKITTI: A Dataset for Semantic Scene Understanding of LiDAR Sequences
Behley, J., Garbade, M., Milioto, A., Quenzel, J., Behnke, S., Stachniss, C., & Gall, J. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00939 · Cited by 2,294 · see citing works
Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environments
Chang, A., Dai, A., Funkhouser, T., Halber, M., Niebner, M., Savva, M., Song, S., Zeng, A., & Zhang, Y. (2017) · 2017 International Conference on 3D Vision (3DV) · doi:10.1109/3dv.2017.00081 · Cited by 1,858 · see citing works
Self-citationAnderson, P., Wu, Q., Teney, D., Bruce, J., Johnson, M., Sunderhauf, N., Reid, I., Gould, S., & van den Hengel, A. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00387 · Cited by 1,187 · see citing works
CMX: Cross-Modal Fusion for RGB-X Semantic Segmentation With Transformers
Zhang, J., Liu, H., Yang, K., Hu, X., Liu, R., & Stiefelhagen, R. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3300537 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objects
Deitke, M., Schwenk, D., Salvador, J., Weihs, L., Michel, O., VanderBilt, E., Schmidt, L., Ehsanit, K., Kembhavi, A., & Farhadi, A. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.01263 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
TartanAir: A Dataset to Push the Limits of Visual SLAM
Wang, W., Zhu, D., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, C., Hu, Y., Kapoor, A., & Scherer, S. (2020) · 2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) · doi:10.1109/iros45743.2020.9341801 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Hypersim: A Photorealistic Synthetic Dataset for Holistic Indoor Scene Understanding
Roberts, M., Ramapuram, J., Ranjan, A., Kumar, A., Bautista, M. A., Paczan, N., Webb, R., & Susskind, J. M. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.01073 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Consistent video depth estimation
Luo, X., Huang, J.-B., Szeliski, R., Matzen, K., & Kopf, J. (2020) · ACM Transactions on Graphics · doi:10.1145/3386569.3392377 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Co-SLAM: Joint Coordinate and Sparse Parametric Encodings for Neural Real-Time SLAM
Wang, H., Wang, J., & Agapito, L. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.01277 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Deep multimodal fusion for semantic image segmentation: A survey
Zhang, Y., Sidibé, D., Morel, O., & Mériaudeau, F. (2021) · Image and Vision Computing · doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2020.104042 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
3D-FRONT: 3D Furnished Rooms with layOuts and semaNTics
Fu, H., Cai, B., Gao, L., Zhang, L.-X., Wang, J., Li, C., Zeng, Q., Sun, C., Jia, R., Zhao, B., et al. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.01075 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Multimodal Token Fusion for Vision Transformers
Wang, Y., Chen, X., Cao, L., Huang, W., Sun, F., & Wang, Y. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01187 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Self-supervised model adaptation for multimodal semantic segmentation
Valada, A., Mohan, R., & Burgard, W. (2020) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-019-01188-y · Cited by 293 · see citing works
xMUDA: Cross-Modal Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for 3D Semantic Segmentation
Jaritz, M., Vu, T.-H., de Charette, R., Wirbel, E., & Perez, P. (2020) · 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.01262 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
ConceptFusion: Open-set multimodal 3D mapping
Jatavallabhula, K., Kuwajerwala, A., Gu, Q., Omama, M., Iyer, G., Saryazdi, S., Chen, T., Maalouf, A., Li, S., Keetha, N., et al. (2023) · Robotics: Science and Systems XIX · doi:10.15607/rss.2023.xix.066 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
What Makes Good Synthetic Training Data for Learning Disparity and Optical Flow Estimation?
Mayer, N., Ilg, E., Fischer, P., Hazirbas, C., Cremers, D., Dosovitskiy, A., & Brox, T. (2018) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-018-1082-6 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
ScanQA: 3D Question Answering for Spatial Scene Understanding
Azuma, D., Miyanishi, T., Kurita, S., & Kawanabe, M. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01854 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
OpenOccupancy: A Large Scale Benchmark for Surrounding Semantic Occupancy Perception
Wang, X., Zhu, Z., Xu, W., Zhang, Y., Wei, Y., Chi, X., Ye, Y., Du, D., Lu, J., & Wang, X. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.01636 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Computer vision based target-free 3D vibration displacement measurement of structures
Shao, Y., Li, L., Li, J., An, S., & Hao, H. (2021) · Engineering Structures · doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113040 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Text2Room: Extracting Textured 3D Meshes from 2D Text-to-Image Models
Höllein, L., Cao, A., Owens, A., Johnson, J., & Nießner, M. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.00727 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
CAM-Convs: Camera-Aware Multi-Scale Convolutions for Single-View Depth
Facil, J. M., Ummenhofer, B., Zhou, H., Montesano, L., Brox, T., & Civera, J. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2019.01210 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Hierarchical Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs for Language-Grounded Robot Navigation
Werby, A., Huang, C., Büchner, M., Valada, A., & Burgard, W. (2024) · Robotics: Science and Systems XX · doi:10.15607/rss.2024.xx.077 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Are We Hungry for 3D LiDAR Data for Semantic Segmentation? A Survey of Datasets and Methods
Gao, B., Pan, Y., Li, C., Geng, S., & Zhao, H. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3076844 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spaces
Yang, J., Yang, S., Gupta, A. W., Han, R., Fei-Fei, L., & Xie, S. (2025) · 2025 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.00994 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“These videos are sourced from the validation sets of the public in-door 3D scene reconstruction datasets ScanNet [19], Scan-Net++ [97], and ARKitScenes [5] and represent diverse en-vironments—including residential spaces, professional settings ( e.g ., offices, labs), and industrial spaces ( e.g .,…”
LL3DA: Visual Interactive Instruction Tuning for Omni-3D Understanding, Reasoning, and Planning
Chen, S., Chen, X., Zhang, C., Li, M., Yu, G., Fei, H., Zhu, H., Fan, J., & Chen, T. (2024) · 2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52733.2024.02496 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Revolution of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey
Caffagni, D., Cocchi, F., Barsellotti, L., Moratelli, N., Sarto, S., Baraldi, L., Baraldi, L., Cornia, M., & Cucchiara, R. (2024) · Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024 · doi:10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.807 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“3B ♢ CLIP ViT-L Q-Former ✻ ✗ Visual Dialogue, VQA, Captioning LLaMA-Adapter V2 (Gao et al., 2023) LLaMA-7B ▲ CLIP ViT-L Linear ✗ VQA, Captioning OpenFlamingo (Awadalla et al., 2023) MPT-7B ⋆ CLIP ViT-L XAttn LLM ✗ VQA, Captioning Flamingo (Alayrac et al., 2022) Chinchilla-70B ⋆ NFNet-F6 XAttn LLM ✗ Visual Dialogue, VQ…”
InfluentialNeural point cloud rendering via multi-plane projection
Dai, P., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Liu, S., & Zeng, B. (2020) · 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.00785 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
A Cross-Season Correspondence Dataset for Robust Semantic Segmentation
Mans Larsson, M., Stenborg, E., Hammarstrand, L., Pollefeys, M., Sattler, T., & Kahl, F. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2019.00976 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
3D Scene Reconstruction With Multi-Layer Depth and Epipolar Transformers
Shin, D., Ren, Z., Sudderth, E., & Fowlkes, C. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00226 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Rizzoli, G., Barbato, F., & Zanuttigh, P. (2022) · Technologies · doi:10.3390/technologies10040090 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Context-aware Alignment and Mutual Masking for 3D-Language Pre-training
Jin, Z., Hayat, M., Yang, Y., Guo, Y., & Lei, Y. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.01057 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Target-Driven Structured Transformer Planner for Vision-Language Navigation
Zhao, Y., Chen, J., Gao, C., Wang, W., Yang, L., Ren, H., Xia, H., & Liu, S. (2022) · Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Multimedia · doi:10.1145/3503161.3548281 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Yi (2021) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2021.11.056 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
ViewRefer: Grasp the Multi-view Knowledge for 3D Visual Grounding
Guo, Z., Tang, Y., Zhang, R., Wang, D., Wang, Z., Zhao, B., & Li, X. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.01410 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Multimodal fusion and vision–language models: A survey for robot vision
Han, X., Chen, S., Fu, Z., Feng, Z., Fan, L., An, D., Wang, C., Guo, L., Meng, W., Zhang, X., et al. (2026) · Information Fusion · doi:10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103652 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Many widely used datasets are built upon Western-centric indoor layouts (e.g., ScanNet [245], Matterport3D [26]), contain only English-language instructions (e.g., Room-to-Room [258] for vision-language navigation), or are collected in urban driving environments (e.g., nuScenes [23], Waymo [243]).”
InfluentialAttention Weighted Local Descriptors
Wang, C., Xu, R., Lu, K., Xu, S., Meng, W., Zhang, Y., Fan, B., & Zhang, X. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2023.3266728 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A LLM-informed multi-agent AI system for drone-based visual inspection for infrastructure
Liu, J., Li, H., Chai, C., Chen, K., & Wang, D. (2025) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2025.103643 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Complete 3D Scene Parsing from an RGBD Image
Zou, C., Guo, R., Li, Z., & Hoiem, D. (2019) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-018-1133-z · Cited by 31 · see citing works
E3VS-Bench: A Benchmark for Viewpoint-Dependent Active Perception in 3D Gaussian Splatting Scenes
Sakamoto, K., Miyanishi, T., Azuma, D., Kurita, S., Morikuni, S., Chiba, N., Kawanabe, M., Iwasawa, Y., & Matsuo, Y. (2026) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-37464-6_4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dai, A., Chang, A. X., Savva, M., Halber, M., Funkhouser, T., & Niessner, M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Venue
- 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2017-07
- Pages
- 2432-2443
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2594519801
- Cited by
- 4,368
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 495 · 2025: 830 · 2024: 832 · 2023: 713 · 2022: 456 · 2021: 432 · 2020: 301 · 2019: 209 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 18
- FWCI
- 251.10
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1539099, 1539014, 1251217)
- Nvidia
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › 3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Vision and Imaging
- Keywords
- ScanNet, RGB-D dataset, indoor scenes, 3D scene understanding, semantic segmentation, surface reconstruction, 3D object classification, CAD model retrieval, crowdsourced annotation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review