Physical activity and depression: a large cross‐sectional, population‐based study across 36 low‐ and middle‐income countries
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Physical activity ( PA ) is good for health, yet several small‐scale studies have suggested that depression is associated with low PA . A paucity of nationally representative studies investigating this relationship exists, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries ( LMIC s). This study explored the global association of PA with depression and its mediating factors. Method: Participants from 36 LMIC s from the World Health Survey were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken exploring the relationship between PA and depression. Results: Across 178 867 people (mean ± SD age = 36.2 ± 13.5 years; 49.9% male), the prevalence of depression and the prevalence of low PA were 6.6% and 16.8% respectively. The prevalence of low PA was significantly higher among those with depression vs. no depression (26.0% vs. 15.8%, P < 0.0001). In the adjusted model, depression was associated with higher odds for low PA ( OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.24–1.63). Mediation analyses demonstrated that low PA among people with depression was explained by mobility limitations (40.3%), pain and discomfort (35.8%), disruptions in sleep and energy (25.2%), cognition (19.4%) and vision (10.9%). Conclusion: Individuals with depression engage in lower levels of PA in LMIC s. Future longitudinal research is warranted to better understand the relationships observed.
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Statins reduce the risk of coronary heart disease events by 20-30%.
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From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [195]
Cross-sectional studies over the past 30 years have suggested that low physical activity is an important risk factor for the development of depression.
“Cross-sectional studies over the past 30 years have suggested that low physical activity is an important risk factor for the development of depression [11, 12].”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on depression in adolescents (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Stubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Schuch, F. B., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Veronese, N., Solmi, M., Mugisha, J., & Vancampfort, D.
- Affiliations
- National Health Service (GB)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (BR)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Butabika Hospital (UG)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Stubbs, B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-10-05
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 546-556
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2529769845
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 10.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- kclpure.kcl.ac.uk
- Licence
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health Research
- Medical Research Council
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- physical activity, depression, physical inactivity, low- and middle-income countries, mediation, mobility limitations, pain and discomfort, sleep disruption, energy levels, cognition, visual impairment, World Health Survey
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Developing Countries, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Income, Male, Middle Aged, Global Health, Exercise, Prevalence, Young Adult
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