A systematic review of correlates of physical activity in patients with schizophrenia
Abstract
Vancampfort D, Knapen J, Probst M, Scheewe T, Remans S, De Hert M. A systematic review of correlates of physical activity (PA) in patients with schizophrenia. Objective: The present review evaluates systematically the published quantitative studies of correlates of PA in patients with schizophrenia. Method: EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL and PEDro were searched from their inception to 1 July 2011 combining the medical subject heading ‘schizophrenia’ with ‘physical activity’ or ‘physical inactivity’ or ‘exercise’ or ‘health education’ or ‘health behaviour’ or ‘health promotion’. Results: Out of 68 potentially eligible studies, 25 papers (n = 25 013) evaluating 36 correlates were included. Correlates consistently associated with lower PA participation are the presence of negative symptoms and cardio‐metabolic comorbidity. Also, side‐effects of antipsychotic medication, lack of knowledge on cardiovascular disease risk factors, no belief in the health benefits, a lower self‐efficacy, other unhealthy lifestyle habits and social isolation correlated with lower PA participation. The quality of the PA measurement was not related to the proportion of significant associations (χ 2 = 3.8, P = 0.07). Current gaps in literature that need to be examined more in detail are the role of environmental and policy‐level factors on PA participation in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion: All correlates should be confirmed in prospective studies, and interventions to improve the modifiable variables should be developed and evaluated.
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People with severe mental illness experience a range of barriers to engaging in physical activity and exercise, such as high levels of perceived stress, somatic comorbidities, low mood, and a lack of self-confidence and of social support.
“However, people with severe mental illness experience a range of barriers to engaging in physical activity and exercise, such as high levels of perceived stress, somatic comorbidities, low mood, and a lack of self-confidence and of social support 7-11 .”
Only a minority of the included studies in the reviews of social isolation and physical activity assessed this relationship.
“but noted that only a minority of the included studies assessed this relationship 31, 32 .”
From An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness (2017) · cites this paper as [31]
Two systematic reviews reported an association between social isolation and low levels of physical activity in two well-defined patient groups (individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia).
“Only two systematic reviews were identified that looked at social isolation and physical activity; these reported an association between social isolation and low levels of physical activity in two well-defined patient groups (individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia) but noted that only a minority of the included studies assessed this relationship 31, 32 .”
From An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness (2017) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Vancampfort, D., Knapen, J., Probst, M., Scheewe, T., Remans, S., & De Hert, M.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Vancampfort, D.
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-12-19
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 352-362
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W1551419564
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Sports and Physical Education Studies
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, physical activity, physical inactivity, correlates of physical activity, negative symptoms, cardiometabolic comorbidities, antipsychotic adverse effects, cardiovascular risk factors, self-efficacy, social isolation, health behavior, health promotion
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Life Style, Motor Activity, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Health Behavior, Exercise, Self Efficacy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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