Technoference: Parent distraction with technology and associations with child behavior problems
Open accessAbstract
Heavy parent digital technology use has been associated with suboptimal parent–child interactions, but no studies examine associations with child behavior. This study investigates whether parental problematic technology use is associated with technology-based interruptions in parent–child interactions, termed “technoference,” and whether technoference is associated with child behavior problems. Parent reports from 170 U.S. families (child Mage = 3.04 years) and actor–partner interdependence modeling showed that maternal and paternal problematic digital technology use predicted greater technoference in mother–child and father–child interactions; then, maternal technoference predicted both mothers’ and fathers’ reports of child externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Results suggest that technological interruptions are associated with child problem behaviors, but directionality and transactional processes should be examined in future longitudinal studies. The title for this special section is Contemporary Mobile Technology and Child and Adolescent Development, edited by Zheng Yan and Lennart Hardell
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Children's caregivers are the relational cornerstone in which children explore, learn, and play.
“Children’s caregivers (eg, parents) are the relational cornerstone in which children explore, learn, and play.28-31”
From Digital Ecosystems, Children, and Adolescents: Technical Report (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
The paper discusses parent–child play, interaction, and caregivers’ responsiveness to children (section labeled Abstract; page unavailable). That supports the importance of caregiver relationships to play, but our copy does not state that caregivers are the relational foundation for children’s exploration and learning. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTeen externalizing behaviors increase with caregiver digital media use.
“Teen externalizing behaviors increase with caregiver digital media use.28”
From Digital Ecosystems, Children, and Adolescents: Technical Report (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
The Results report that greater mobile-technoference in mother–child interactions was associated with greater child externalizing behavior. But the Method (Participants & Procedure; page unavailable) gives an index-child age range of 1 to 5.5 years, not teens. The Discussion also cautions that this cross-sectional analysis cannot establish whether caregiver technology use causes behavior to increase. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- McDaniel, B. T., & Radesky, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Illinois State University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- McDaniel, Brandon T
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-01-01
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-109
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8624
- PMC
- PMC5681450
- OpenAlex
- W2613481590
- Cited by
- 617
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 117 · 2025: 102 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 92 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 137.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Child Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32DA017629)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (F31HD084118)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- technoference, parent-child interaction, child behavior problems, externalizing problems, internalizing problems, early childhood
- MeSH terms
- Problem Behavior, Smartphone, Adult, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Parent-Child Relations, United States, Young Adult
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