Chronotype and personality factors in the daily consumption of alcohol and psychostimulants
Abstract
This paper analyses the influence of and possible interaction between chronotype (Morning-types, Neither-types and Evening-types) and personality dimensions (neuroticism, extroversion and psychoticism) in the daily consumption of alcohol and psychostimulants (nicotine and caffeine). In a sample of 537 subjects (257 men and 280 women), who were students and professionals with different but fixed work schedules, there were significant differences among the chronotypes regarding the consumption of all the above. Evening-types consumed more alcohol, nicotine and caffeine (coffee and cola), while Morning-types consumed more caffeine from tea. Personality was only related to the consumption of cola: the greater the neuroticism the higher the consumption of this beverage. Stimulant drinks showed various types of interaction with personality types, which revealed a complex pattern of group action. The results stress the need to consider chronotype as a contributory psychological factor in a multi-causal model of consumption of psychoactive substances.
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In a study involving students and professionals, individuals with an evening chronotype consumed more alcohol, coffee, and cola, whereas morning types consumed more tea.
“In another study involving students and professionals, individuals with an evening chronotype were found to consume more alcohol, coffee, and cola, whereas morning types consumed more tea (86).”
From Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health (2019) · cites this paper as [86]
Eveningness, or the tendency toward a late chronotype, has been consistently linked with increased alcohol involvement in adults and adolescents.
“Eveningness, or the tendency toward a late chronotype, has been consistently linked with increased alcohol involvement in adults (Adan, 1994; Wittmann et al., 2006) and adolescents (Gau et al., 2007; Negriff et al., 2011; Pieters et al., 2010; Saxvig, Pallesen, Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Molde, & Bjorvatn, 2012; Tavernier & Willoughby, 2013; Urbán, Magyaródi, & Rigó, 2011)).”
From Sleep and circadian contributions to adolescent alcohol use disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Adan, 1994
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- Authors
- ADAN, A.
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1994-04
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 455-462
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- OpenAlex
- W2156737723
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 0.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- chronotype, personality traits, neuroticism, extraversion, psychoticism, alcohol consumption, psychostimulants, nicotine, caffeine, coffee, cola, tea, psychoactive substances
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Caffeine, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine, Personality, Personality Inventory, Psychotic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires
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