A cognitive training program based on principles of brain plasticity: results from the improvement in memory with plasticity-based adaptive cognitive training (IMPACT) study
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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy of a novel brain plasticity–based computerized cognitive training program in older adults and to evaluate the effect on untrained measures of memory and attention and participant‐reported outcomes. DESIGN: Multisite randomized controlled double‐blind trial with two treatment groups. SETTING: Communities in northern and southern California and Minnesota. PARTICIPANTS: Community‐dwelling adults aged 65 and older (N=487) without a diagnosis of clinically significant cognitive impairment. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomized to receive a broadly‐available brain plasticity–based computerized cognitive training program (intervention) or a novelty‐ and intensity‐matched general cognitive stimulation program modeling treatment as usual (active control). Duration of training was 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, for 8 weeks, for a total of 40 hours. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was a composite score calculated from six subtests of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status that use the auditory modality (RBANS Auditory Memory/Attention). Secondary measures were derived from performance on the experimental program, standardized neuropsychological assessments of memory and attention, and participant‐reported outcomes. RESULTS: RBANS Auditory Memory/Attention improvement was significantly greater ( P =.02) in the experimental group (3.9 points, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.7–5.1) than in the control group (1.8 points, 95% CI=0.6–3.0). Multiple secondary measures of memory and attention showed significantly greater improvements in the experimental group (word list total score, word list delayed recall, digits backwards, letter–number sequencing; P <.05), as did the participant‐reported outcome measure ( P =.001). No advantage for the experimental group was seen in narrative memory. CONCLUSION: The experimental program improved generalized measures of memory and attention more than an active control program.
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The commercially-available computerized cognitive training program used in ACT has produced performance gains in older adults.
“In the ACT study, the cognitive training intervention involved completing 40 hours of computerized tasks from a commercially-available program that have produced performance gains in older adults [33,65,66].”
From Primary outcome from the augmenting cognitive training in older adults study (ACT): A tDCS and cognitive training randomized clinical trial (2023) · cites this paper as [65]
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- Authors
- Smith, G. E., Housen, P., Yaffe, K., Ruff, R., Kennison, R. F., Mahncke, H. W., & Zelinski, E. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 594-603
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC4169294
- OpenAlex
- W1944313983
- Cited by
- 785
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 89 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 49
- FWCI
- 56.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG010569)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- cognitive training, neuroplasticity, older adults, memory, attention, impact studies, narrative memory, cognitive stimulation
- MeSH terms
- Aged, California, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Minnesota, Neuronal Plasticity, Neuropsychological Tests, Treatment Outcome
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