Cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in the elderly depressed
Abstract
The paper reports the profile of impairment across a variety of cognitive functions with special emphasis on tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction, in 24 elderly depressed patients during and on recovery from mood disorder, compared with 15 age- and sex-matched controls. Traditional neuropsychological tests and a recently developed battery of computerized tests (CANTAB) were used. Impairments were found in the depressed group compared to controls and to themselves on recovery across all domains examined. The depressed group showed deficits on visuospatial recognition memory, attentional shifting at the extra-dimensional shift stage and in measures of both processing and motor speed without impaired accuracy in a visual search task. Impairments were also found on a planning task with disproportionately increased numbers of moves needed for more difficult problems and evidence of both slowed motor response and increased processing time once the task was commenced. Performance on recovery improved across all tasks. Comparisons were made with the performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and Parkinson's disease on similar tests. Response latencies in test performance were found to correlate with the number of episodes of depression suffered and with ventricular size on CT scan, as measured by computerized planimetry. On recovery, residual depression scores correlated with latency of test performance and with ventricular brain ratio. The results, thus, show that depression in the elderly is associated with a significant degree of deficit on tests sensitive to frontostriatal dysfunction. Some of the deficits appear specific to depression and some do not remit following clinical recovery. However, these impairments have to be interpreted in the context of a broad profile of cognitive deficit.
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People actively suffering from depression are impaired on the OTT.
“People actively suffering from depression are impaired on the OTT [48], [49].”
From Bonsai trees in your head: how the pavlovian system sculpts goal-directed choices by pruning decision trees (2012) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Beats, B. C., Sahakian, B. J., & Levy, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sahakian, B. J.
- ORCID
- Sahakian, B. J.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1996-05
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 591-603
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2099301748
- Cited by
- 457
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 7.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- geriatric depression, frontal lobe dysfunction, cognitive impairment, frontostriatal dysfunction, attentional shift, processing speed, motor speed, planning, response latency, ventriculomegaly, residual depression, recovery from depression, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, CANTAB
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Attention, Brain Mapping, Cognition Disorders, Corpus Striatum, Dementia, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Performance, Mental Recall, Reference Values, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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