Cited by 175Tryptophan and brain disordersStress Responses and CortisolTreatment of Major Depression

A critical review of human endotoxin administration as an experimental paradigm of depression.

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DellaGioia, Nicole, Hannestad, Jonas·2010·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Abstract

The syndrome called depression may represent the common final pathway at which different aetiopathogenic processes converge. One such aetiopathogenic process is innate immune system activation. Some depressed patients have increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and other immunologic abnormalities. It is not known whether immune system activation contributes to the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms. Supporting this possibility is the observation that in both rodents and humans, exogenous immune stimuli such as endotoxin can produce symptoms that resemble depression. A new approach to depression research would be to use immune stimuli to elicit depressive symptoms in humans. Here we review each of the symptoms elicited in humans by endotoxin administration, and compare this model to two other immune depression paradigms: interferon-alpha treatment and typhoid vaccine administration, to assess to what degree endotoxin administration represents a valid model of immune depression. We also review corresponding behavioral changes in rodents and the potential molecular pathways through which immune system activation produces each symptom.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.07.014

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  • Endotoxin administration induces feelings of social disconnection and a desire to be alone, which are hallmarks of some depressive episodes.

    “endotoxin administration induces feelings of social disconnection and a desire to be alone, which are hallmarks of some depressive episodes”

    From From stress to inflammation and major depressive disorder: A social signal transduction theory of depression. (2014) · cites this paper as DellaGioia & Hannestad, 2010

    Section 5.1 (page unavailable) reports that endotoxin reduced participants’ desire for social interaction on a scale asking whether they wanted to be alone or with others. It does not report that participants felt socially disconnected; that feeling is distinct from wanting less social contact. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • A large data set has documented mechanistic links between somatic symptoms of depression and increased inflammation in animals and humans.

    “a large data set has documented mechanistic links between somatic symptoms of depression and increased inflammation in animals and humans (DellaGioia and Hannestad, 2010)”

    From The interplay between stress, inflammation, and emotional attention: relevance for depression (2019) · cites this paper as DellaGioia and Hannestad, 2010

  • Endotoxin administration to healthy individuals leads to depressive symptoms including negative mood, anhedonia, cognitive impairment, fatigue, reduced food intake, altered sleep, social withdrawal, and anxiety.

    “These studies have shown that endotoxin administration leads to symptoms of depression including negative mood, anhedonia, cognitive impairment, fatigue, reduced food intake, altered sleep, and social withdrawal, as well as anxiety symptoms (DellaGioia and Hannestad, 2010; Eisenberger et al., 2010a; Reichenberg et al., 2001).”
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines released during infection and inflammation can affect behavior, mood, and functioning of the central nervous system.

    “The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines during infection and inflammation can affect behavior, mood, and functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) [1], [2], [3].”
  • IL-6 frequently has been discussed as a potential modulator of mood during sickness behavior and even depression and other neuropsychological diseases.

    “Associations between circulating IL-6 levels and negative mood have been reported previously [28], [62] and IL-6 frequently has been discussed as a potential modulator of mood during sickness behavior and even depression and other neuropsychological diseases [2], [3], [9].”

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Authors
DellaGioia, N., & Hannestad, J.
Affiliations
Yale University (US)
Corresponding author
Hannestad, Jonas
Venue
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-01
Volume
34
Issue
1
Pages
130-143
ISSN
0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2043189848
Cited by
175
References
185
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
FWCI
0.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Center for Research Resources
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
depression, innate immune activation, inflammatory cytokines, interferon-alpha, typhoid vaccine, depressive symptoms, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Endotoxins, Humans, Inflammation, Models, Neurological

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