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Cited by 750Gut microbiota and healthAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyGastrointestinal motility and disorders

The Gastrointestinal Microbiome: A Review

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Barko, P.C., McMichael, M.A., Swanson, K.S., Williams, D.A.·2018·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1111/jvim.14875PMC PMC5787212
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Abstract

The gastrointestinal microbiome is a diverse consortium of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses that inhabit the gut of all mammals. Studies in humans and other mammals have implicated the microbiome in a range of physiologic processes that are vital to host health including energy homeostasis, metabolism, gut epithelial health, immunologic activity, and neurobehavioral development. The microbial genome confers metabolic capabilities exceeding those of the host organism alone, making the gut microbiome an active participant in host physiology. Recent advances in DNA sequencing technology and computational biology have revolutionized the field of microbiomics, permitting mechanistic evaluation of the relationships between an animal and its microbial symbionts. Changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome are associated with diseases in humans and animals including inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, immune-mediated conditions, and neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder. While there remains a paucity of data regarding the intestinal microbiome in small animals, recent studies have helped to characterize its role in host animal health and associated disease states. This review is intended to familiarize small animal veterinarians with recent advances in the field of microbiomics and to prime them for a future in which diagnostic tests and therapies will incorporate these developments into clinical practice.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Barko, P. C., McMichael, M. A., Swanson, K. S., & Williams, D. A.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author
McMichael, M.A.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2018-01-01
Volume
32
Issue
1
Pages
9-25
ISSN
  • 0891-6640 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1676
DOI
10.1111/jvim.14875
PMC
PMC5787212
OpenAlex
W2769629043
Cited by
750
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 38 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 122 · 2023: 114 · 2022: 125 · 2021: 107 · 2020: 115 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 18
FWCI
4.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
gastrointestinal microbiome, gut microbiota, host-microbe interactions, microbiomics, energy homeostasis, immune system development, brain development, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, autism spectrum disorder, small animal medicine, veterinary microbiology, microbial metabolites
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Mammals, Metabolomics, Metagenomics, Dysbiosis

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