Glycogen regulation and functional role in mouse white matter
Open accessAbstract
CNS glycogen, contained predominantly in astrocytes, can be converted to a monocarboxylate and transported to axons as an energy source during aglycaemia. We analysed glycogen regulation and the role of glycogen in supporting neural activity in adult mouse optic nerve, a favourable white matter preparation. Axon function was quantified by measuring the compound action potential (CAP) area. During aglycaemia, axon function persisted for 20 min, then declined in conjunction with glycogen content. Lactate fully supported CAPs in the absence of glucose, but was unable to sustain glycogen content; thus, axon failure occurred rapidly when lactate was withdrawn. Glycogen content in the steady state was directly proportional to bath glucose concentration. Increasing [K+]o to 10 mM caused a rapid decrease in glycogen content. Latency to onset of CAP failure during aglycaemia was directly proportional to glycogen content and varied from about 2 to 30 min. Intense neural activity reduced glycogen content in the presence of 10 mM bath glucose and CAP area gradually declined. CAP area declined more rapidly during high frequency stimulation if monocarboxylate transport was inhibited. This suggested that astrocytic glycogen was broken down to a monocarboxylate(s) that was used by rapidly discharging axons. Likewise, depleting glycogen by brief periods of high frequency axon stimulation accelerated onset of CAP decline during aglycaemia. In summary, these experiments indicated that glycogen content was under dynamic control and that glycogen was used to support the energy needs of CNS axons during both physiological as well as pathological processes.
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The clearest case for glial supply of energy to neurons is in ischemic situations, as shown best for white matter axons that can be supported by glial glycogen in the absence of an external supply of glucose.
“The clearest case for glial supply of energy to neurons is in ischemic situations, as shown best for white matter axons that can be supported by glial glycogen in the absence of an external supply of glucose (Brown et al., 2003).”
From Fueling thought: Management of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in neuronal metabolism (2018) · cites this paper as Brown et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Brown, A. M., Tekkök, S. B., & Ransom, B. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Angus M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 549
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 501-512
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC2342948
- OpenAlex
- W2158197357
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS015589, NS15589)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Connexins and lens biology
- Keywords
- glycogen, white matter, optic nerve, lactate, monocarboxylate transport, astrocytes, compound action potential, high-frequency stimulation, extracellular potassium, glucose
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Blood Glucose, Electric Stimulation, Glucose, Glycogen, Male, Optic Nerve, Osmolar Concentration, Lactic Acid, Mice
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