Characterization of the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor Cyclohexyl Carbamic Acid 3′-Carbamoyl-biphenyl-3-yl Ester (URB597): Effects on Anandamide and Oleoylethanolamide Deactivation
Open accessAbstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is an intracellular serine enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of bioactive fatty acid ethanolamides such as anandamide and oleoylethanolamide (OEA). Genetic deletion of the faah gene in mice elevates brain anandamide levels and amplifies the effects of this endogenous cannabinoid agonist. Here, we show that systemic administration of the selective FAAH inhibitor URB597 (cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoyl-biphenyl-3-yl ester; 0.3 mg/kg i.p.) increases anandamide levels in the brain of rats and wild-type mice but has no such effect in FAAH-null mutants. Moreover, URB597 enhances the hypothermic actions of anandamide (5 mg/kg i.p.) in wild-type mice but not in FAAH-null mice. In contrast, the FAAH inhibitor does not affect anandamide or OEA levels in the rat duodenum at doses that completely inhibit FAAH activity. In addition, URB597 does not alter the hypophagic response elicited by OEA (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.), which is mediated by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor type-alpha. Finally, exogenously administered OEA (5 mg/kg i.p.) was eliminated at comparable rates in wild-type and FAAH-/- mice. Our results indicate that URB597 increases brain anandamide levels and magnifies anandamide responses by inhibiting intracellular FAAH activity. The results also suggest that an enzyme distinct from FAAH catalyzes OEA hydrolysis in the duodenum, where this lipid substance acts as a local satiety factor.
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Administration of URB597 (0.3 or 1 mg/kg i.p., 3 h before testing) significantly increased the time BTBR mice spent in the social chamber and sniffing, to levels comparable to those displayed by control, socially normal C57Bl6J mice.
“However, administration of URB597 (0.3 or 1 mg kg−1, i.p., 3 h before testing) significantly increased the time BTBR mice spent in the social chamber and sniffing, to levels that were comparable to those displayed by control, socially normal C57Bl6J mice (Fig. 1c, d).”
From Enhancement of anandamide-mediated endocannabinoid signaling corrects autism-related social impairment (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Neither AM251 (2 mg/kg i.p.) nor URB597 (1 mg/kg i.p.) altered the time spent in the social chamber or the time spent sniffing the target mouse in socially normal C57Bl6J mice.
“We first evaluated maximally effective doses of AM251 (2 mg kg−1, i.p.)29 or URB597 (1 mg kg−1, i.p.)25 in socially normal C57Bl6J mice and found that neither drug altered the two outcome measures of the test, namely the time spent in the social chamber and the time spent sniffing the target mouse (Fig. 1a, b).”
From Enhancement of anandamide-mediated endocannabinoid signaling corrects autism-related social impairment (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Blocking anandamide deactivation or re-uptake may produce a more circumscribed and beneficial spectrum of biological responses than direct CB1 receptor activation.
“Blocking anandamide deactivation or re-uptake, both of which will increase synaptic anandamide availability, may lead to a more circumscribed and beneficial spectrum of biological responses than those produced by direct CB1 receptor activation62, 63.”
From Elevated brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder: A positron emission tomography study (2013) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Fegley, D., Gaetani, S., Duranti, A., Tontini, A., Mor, M., Tarzia, G., & Piomelli, D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Urbino (IT)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Venue
- The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 313
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 352-358
- ISSN
- 0022-3565 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2099617879
- Cited by
- 427
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 23.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.escholarship.org
- Locations
- Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research information system (University of Urbino) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA012413, DA12653, DA-12413, R01DA012447, DA12447, R01DA012653)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- fatty acid amide hydrolase, URB597, anandamide, oleoylethanolamide, FAAH inhibitors, endocannabinoids, hypothermic effect, satiety, PPARα, duodenum, fatty acid ethanolamides, enzymatic hydrolysis
- MeSH terms
- Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases, Amidohydrolases, Animals, Arachidonic Acids, Benzamides, Body Temperature, Brain, Calcium Channel Blockers, Carbamates, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Drug Synergism, Duodenum, Enzyme Inhibitors, Feeding Behavior, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oleic Acids, Mass Spectrometry, Rats, Wistar, PPAR alpha, Mice, Rats, Polyunsaturated Alkamides, Endocannabinoids
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