Regulation of B lymphocyte and macrophage development by graded expression of PU.1
Abstract
The ets family transcription factor PU.1 is required for the development of multiple lineages of the immune system. Using retroviral transduction of PU.1 complementary DNA into mutant hematopoietic progenitors, we demonstrate that differing concentrations of the protein regulate the development of B lymphocytes as compared with macrophages. A low concentration of PU. 1 protein induces the B cell fate, whereas a high concentration promotes macrophage differentiation and blocks B cell development. Conversely, a transcriptionally weakened mutant protein preferentially induces B cell generation. Our results suggest that graded expression of a transcription factor can be used to specify distinct cell fates in the hematopoietic system.
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Cellular levels of PU.1 direct different cell fates from hematopoietic progenitors, with highest amounts required for macrophage and lower concentrations for granulocyte or B-cell differentiation.
“cellular levels of PU.1 direct different cell fates from these hematopoietic progenitors where the highest amounts of PU.1 are required for macrophage and lower concentrations for granulocyte or B-cell differentiation (4,5).”
From FBW7 Inhibits Myeloid Differentiation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia via GSK3-Dependent Ubiquitination of PU.1 (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
PU.1 is a master regulator of monocyte to macrophage differentiation.
“PU.1 is a master regulator of monocyte to macrophage differentiation (4, 42)”
From FBW7 Inhibits Myeloid Differentiation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia via GSK3-Dependent Ubiquitination of PU.1 (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
Specific cellular levels of PU.1 are critical for distinct cell fates; highest PU.1 amounts drive macrophage development and lower concentrations are required for granulocytic/B-cell fate adoption.
“Volumes of evidences indicate that specific cellular levels of PU.1 are critical for distinct cell fates, where highest PU.1 amounts drive macrophage development and lower concentrations are required for granulocytic/B-cell fate adoption (4,5).”
From FBW7 Inhibits Myeloid Differentiation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia via GSK3-Dependent Ubiquitination of PU.1 (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
PU.1 levels are critical in determining myeloid versus lymphoid cell fate.
“Furthermore, PU.1 levels appear to be critical in determining myeloid versus lymphoid cell fate (15).”
From Inhibition of CBP-Mediated Protein Acetylation by the Ets Family Oncoprotein PU.1 (2002) · cites this paper as [15]
PU.1 regulates lineage-specific gene expression in a dose-dependent manner.
“PU.1 regulates lineage-specific gene expression in a dose-dependent manner21–23.”
From Lymphoid gene expression supports neuroprotective microglia function (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
The activation domain of PU.1 is essential to drive cells to monocytes.
“DeKoter and Singh 37 have also shown that the activation domain of PU.1 is essential to drive the cells to monocytes.”
From Granulocyte inducer C/EBPα inactivates the myeloid master regulator PU.1: possible role in lineage commitment decisions (2002) · cites this paper as [37]
PU.1 is essential for the development of monocytes.
“It has been shown that PU.1 is essential for the development of monocytes.37”
From Granulocyte inducer C/EBPα inactivates the myeloid master regulator PU.1: possible role in lineage commitment decisions (2002) · cites this paper as [37]
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Mishra, M., Thacker, G., Sharma, A., Singh, A. K., Upadhyay, V., Sanyal, S., Verma, S. P., Tripathi, A. K., Bhatt, M. L. B., & Trivedi, A. K. (2021) · Molecular Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0268 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Lentiviral PU.1 overexpression restores differentiation in myeloid leukemic blasts
Durual, S., Rideau, A., Ruault-Jungblut, S., Cossali, D., Beris, P., Piguet, V, & Matthes, T. (2007) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2404645 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
PU.1 Activates Transcription of SHP-1 Gene in Hematopoietic Cells
Wlodarski, P., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., Kasprzycka, M., Marzec, M., & Wasik, M. A. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m607526200 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Lymphoid gene expression supports neuroprotective microglia function
Ayata, P., Crowley, J. M., Challman, M. F., Sahasrabuddhe, V., Gratuze, M., Werneburg, S., Ribeiro, D., Hays, E. C., Durán-Laforet, V., Faust, T. E., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09662-z · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A transcription factor PU.1 is critical for Ccl22 gene expression in dendritic cells and macrophages
Yashiro, T., Nakano, S., Nomura, K., Uchida, Y., Kasakura, K., & Nishiyama, C. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37894-9 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
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Self-citationPU.1 is required to restrain myelopoiesis during chronic inflammatory stress
Chavez, J. S., Rabe, J. L., Niño, K. E., Wells, H. H., Gessner, R. L., Mills, T. S., Hernandez, G., & Pietras, E. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1204160 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“…reported in (Chavez et al., 2021)) in our ChIP-seq datasets, consistent with the well-known role of PU.1 in directly binding and transducing these genes (Supplementary Figure S5C; Supplementary Table S2) (DeKoter et al., 1998; Singh et al., 1999; DeKoter and Singh, 2000; DeKoter et al., 2007).”
Result
- Authors
- DeKoter, R. P., & Singh, H.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Singh, Harinder
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2000-05-26
- Volume
- 288
- Issue
- 5470
- Pages
- 1439-1441
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2080961105
- Cited by
- 749
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 12.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Keywords
- PU.1, ETS transcription factors, B cell development, macrophage differentiation, hematopoietic progenitor cells, graded gene expression, cell fate specification, transcription factor dosage, retroviral transduction, hematopoiesis
- MeSH terms
- Proto-Oncogene Protein Spi-1, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Cells, Cultured, Genetic Vectors, Hematopoiesis, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Luminescent Proteins, Macrophages, Mutation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Retroviridae, Transduction, Genetic, Trans-Activators, Gene Expression, DNA, Complementary, Coculture Techniques, Cell Lineage, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice
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