Synthesis, transport, and release of posterior pituitary hormones
Abstract
Vasopressin and oxytocin are made and released by neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. Pulse labeling these neurons with radioactive amino acid indicates that the two hormones and their respective neurophysin carrier proteins are synthesized as parts of separate precursor proteins. The precursors seem to be processed into smaller, biologically active molecules while they are being transported along the axon.
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Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary, where it is released into the bloodstream during dehydration to act via V2 receptors on the kidneys to produce water retention.
“Vasopressin is a neurohormone that is synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary (Brownstein et al., 1980), where it is released into the bloodstream during dehydration to act via vasopressin V 2 receptors on the kidneys to produce water retention (Kaufmann et al., 2000).”
From Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development (2021) · cites this paper as Brownstein et al., 1980
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- Authors
- Brownstein, M. J., Russell, J. T., & Gainer, H.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1980-01-25
- Volume
- 207
- Issue
- 4429
- Pages
- 373-378
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2071652062
- Cited by
- 838
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 100.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- vasopressin, oxytocin, neurohypophyseal hormones, hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, neurohypophyseal neurons, neurophysin, precursor protein, hormone biosynthesis, axonal transport, hormone secretion, pulse labeling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Axonal Transport, Cytoplasmic Granules, Glycoproteins, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Median Eminence, Oxytocin, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Pituitary Hormones, Posterior, Protein Precursors, Supraoptic Nucleus, Vasopressins, Rats
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