Cited by 2,743interferon and immune responsesCytokine Signaling Pathways and InteractionsImmune Response and Inflammation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 474 of the 474 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Antiviral Actions of Interferons

Open access

Samuel, Charles E.·2001·Clinical Microbiology Reviews

DOI 10.1128/cmr.14.4.778-809.2001PMC PMC89003

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

SUMMARY: Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of the antiviral actions of interferons (IFNs), as well as strategies evolved by viruses to antagonize the actions of IFNs. Furthermore, advances made while elucidating the IFN system have contributed significantly to our understanding in multiple areas of virology and molecular cell biology, ranging from pathways of signal transduction to the biochemical mechanisms of transcriptional and translational control to the molecular basis of viral pathogenesis. IFNs are approved therapeutics and have moved from the basic research laboratory to the clinic. Among the IFN-induced proteins important in the antiviral actions of IFNs are the RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), the 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) and RNase L, and the Mx protein GTPases. Double-stranded RNA plays a central role in modulating protein phosphorylation and RNA degradation catalyzed by the IFN-inducible PKR kinase and the 2′-5′-oligoadenylate-dependent RNase L, respectively, and also in RNA editing by the IFN-inducible RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR1). IFN also induces a form of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS2) and the major histocompatibility complex class I and II proteins, all of which play important roles in immune response to infections. Several additional genes whose expression profiles are altered in response to IFN treatment and virus infection have been identified by microarray analyses. The availability of cDNA and genomic clones for many of the components of the IFN system, including IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ, their receptors, Jak and Stat and IRF signal transduction components, and proteins such as PKR, 2′,5′-OAS, Mx, and ADAR, whose expression is regulated by IFNs, has permitted the generation of mutant proteins, cells that overexpress different forms of the proteins, and animals in which their expression has been disrupted by targeted gene disruption. The use of these IFN system reagents, both in cell culture and in whole animals, continues to provide important contributions to our understanding of the virus-host interaction and cellular antiviral response.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1128/cmr.14.4.778-809.2001

Cites

474 of 474 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Jak-STAT Pathways and Transcriptional Activation in Response to IFNs and Other Extracellular Signaling Proteins
Darnell, J. E., Kerr, L. M., & Stark, G. R. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8197455 · Cited by 6,080
NITRIC OXIDE AND MACROPHAGE FUNCTION
MacMicking, J. D., Xie, Q. W., & Nathan, C. (1997) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.323 · Cited by 4,245
STATs and Gene Regulation
Darnell, J. E. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5332.1630 · Cited by 3,979
HOW CELLS RESPOND TO INTERFERONS
Stark, G. R., Kerr, I. M., Williams, B. R. G., Silverman, R. H., & Schreiber, R. D. (1998) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.227 · Cited by 3,932
Interferon Alfa-2b Alone or in Combination with Ribavirin as Initial Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C
McHutchison, J. G., Gordon, S. C., Schiff, E. R., Shiffman, M. L., Lee, W. M., Rustgi, V. K., Goodman, Z. D., Ling, M.-H., Cort, S., & Albrecht, J. K. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199811193392101 · Cited by 3,457
Virus interference. I. the interferon
Isaacs, A., & Lindenmann, J. (1957) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B - Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1957.0048 · Cited by 3,451
CELLULAR RESPONSES TO INTERFERON-γ
Boehm, U., Klamp, T., Groot, M., & Howard, J. C. (1997) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749 · Cited by 2,890
Functional Role of Type I and Type II Interferons in Antiviral Defense
Müller, U., Steinhoff, U., Reis, L. F. L., Hemmi, S., Pavlovic, J., Zinkernagel, R. M., & Aguet, M. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8009221 · Cited by 2,453
The Nature of the Principal Type 1 Interferon-Producing Cells in Human Blood
Siegal, F. P., Kadowaki, N., Shodell, M., Fitzgerald-Bocarsly, P. A., Shah, K., Ho, S., Antonenko, S., & Liu, Y.-J. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5421.1835 · Cited by 2,293
NATURAL KILLER CELLS IN ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE: Function and Regulation by Innate Cytokines
Biron, C. A., Nguyen, K. B., Pien, G. C., Cousens, L. P., & Salazar‐Mather, T. P. (1999) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.189 · Cited by 2,136
Hepatitis C Viral Dynamics in Vivo and the Antiviral Efficacy of Interferon-α Therapy
Neumann, A. U., Lam, N. P., Dahari, H., Gretch, D. R., Wiley, T. E., Layden, T. J., & Perelson, A. S. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5386.103 · Cited by 2,111
A family of cytokine-inducible inhibitors of signalling
Starr, R., Willson, T. A., Viney, E. M., Murray, L. J. L., Rayner, J. R., Jenkins, B. J., Gonda, T. J., Alexander, W. S., Metcalf, D., Nicola, N. A., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/43206 · Cited by 2,066
DNA Replication in Eukaryotic Cells
Bell, S. P., & Dutta, A. (2002) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135425 · Cited by 2,065
Multiple defects of immune cell function in mice with disrupted interferon-gamma genes.
Dalton, D., Pitts-Meek, S., Keshav, S., Figari, I., Bradley, A., & Stewart, T. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8456300 · Cited by 2,015
Identification of genes differentially regulated by interferon α, β, or γ using oligonucleotide arrays
Der, S. D., Zhou, A., Williams, B. R. G., & Silverman, R. H. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15623 · Cited by 1,840
JAKS AND STATS: Biological Implications
Leonard, W. J., & O’Shea, J. J. (1998) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.16.1.293 · Cited by 1,826
INTERFERONS AND THEIR ACTIONS
Pestka, S., Langer, J. A., Zoon, K. C., & Samuel, C. E. (1987) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003455 · Cited by 1,826
Self-citation
Acetylation of Histones and Transcription-Related Factors
Sterner, D. E., & Berger, S. L. (2000) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.64.2.435-459.2000 · Cited by 1,824
TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES TO POLYPEPTIDE LIGANDS: The JAK-STAT Pathway
Schindler, C., & Darnell, J. E. (1995) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.003201 · Cited by 1,808
Targeted Disruption of the Stat1 Gene in Mice Reveals Unexpected Physiologic Specificity in the JAK–STAT Signaling Pathway
Meraz, M. A., White, J. M., Sheehan, K. C. F., Bach, E. A., Rodig, S. J., Dighe, A. S., Kaplan, D. H., Riley, J. K., Greenlund, A. C., Campbell, D., et al. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81288-x · Cited by 1,656
Immune Response in Mice that Lack the Interferon-γ Receptor
Huang, S., Hendriks, W. J. A. J., Althage, A., Hemmi, S., Bluethmann, H., Kamijo, R., Vilček, J., Zinkernagel, R. M., & Aguet, M. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8456301 · Cited by 1,551
Targeted Disruption of the Mouse Stat1 Gene Results in Compromised Innate Immunity to Viral Disease
Durbin, J. E., Hackenmiller, R., Simon, M. C., & Levy, D. E. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81289-1 · Cited by 1,539
RNA editing in brain controls a determinant of ion flow in glutamate-gated channels
Sommer, B., Köhler, M., Sprengel, R., & Seeburg, P. H. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90568-j · Cited by 1,517
RNA VIRUS MUTATIONS AND FITNESS FOR SURVIVAL
Domingo, E., & Holland, J. J. (1997) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.151 · Cited by 1,514
Efficient Initiation of HCV RNA Replication in Cell Culture
Blight, K. J., Kolykhalov, A. A., & Rice, C. M. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5498.1972 · Cited by 1,420
A new protein containing an SH2 domain that inhibits JAK kinases
Endo, T. A., Masuhara, M., Yokouchi, M., Suzuki, R., Sakamoto, H., Mitsui, K., Matsumoto, A., Tanimura, S., Ohtsubo, M., Misawa, H., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/43213 · Cited by 1,408
Nitric Oxide Synthases: Properties and Catalytic Mechanism
Griffith, O. W., & Stuehr, D. J. (1995) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.003423 · Cited by 1,311
Life, death, and the pursuit of apoptosis.Preprint
White, E. (1996) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.10.1.1 · Cited by 1,306
Interferon Alfa-2b Alone or in Combination with Ribavirin for the Treatment of Relapse of Chronic Hepatitis C
Davis, G. L., Esteban, R., Rustgi, V. K., Hoefs, J. C., Gordon, S. C., TREPO, C. G., Shiffman, M. L., Zeuzem, S., Craxı̀, A., Ling, M.-H., et al. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199811193392102 · Cited by 1,271
NF-κB: A lesson in family values
Thanos, D., & Maniatis, T. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90506-5 · Cited by 1,247
Viral Clearance Without Destruction of Infected Cells During Acute HBV Infection
Guidotti, L. G., Rochford, R., Chung, J., Shapiro, M., Purcell, R., & Chisari, F. V. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5415.825 · Cited by 1,223
Identification of nitric oxide synthase as a protective locus against tuberculosis
MacMicking, J. D., North, R. J., LaCourse, R., Mudgett, J. S., Shah, S. K., & Nathan, C. F. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5243 · Cited by 1,180
Jak2 Is Essential for Signaling through a Variety of Cytokine Receptors
Parganas, E., Wang, D., Stravopodis, D. J., Topham, D. J., Marine, J., Teglund, S., Vanin, E. F., Bodner, S. M., Colamonici, O. R., van Deursen, J. M., et al. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81167-8 · Cited by 1,149
Mutation rates among RNA viruses
Drake, J. W., & Holland, J. J. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.24.13910 · Cited by 1,143
Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS
Goulder, P., Phillips, R. E., Colbert, R. A., McAdam, S. N., Ogg, G. S., Nowak, M. A., Giangrande, P. L. F., Luzzi, G. A., Morgana, B., Edwards, A., et al. (1997) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0297-212 · Cited by 1,115
Differential viral induction of distinct interferon‐α genes by positive feedback through interferon regulatory factor‐7
Marié, I., Durbin, J. E., & Levy, D. E. (1998) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.22.6660 · Cited by 1,049
THE IFNγ RECEPTOR:A Paradigm for Cytokine Receptor Signaling
Bach, E. A., Aguet, M., & Schreiber, R. D. (1997) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.563 · Cited by 1,044
Nitric oxide synthases: which, where, how, and why?
Michel, T. M., & Féron, O. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119750 · Cited by 1,024
Molecular cloning and characterization of the human double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase induced by interferon
MEURS, E. F., Chong, K. L., GALABRU, J., Thomas, N. S. B., Kerr, I. M., Williams, B. R. G., & Hovanessian, A. G. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90374-n · Cited by 1,017
Regulation of serotonin-2C receptor G-protein coupling by RNA editing
Burns, C. M., Chu, H., Rueter, S. M., Hutchinson, L. K., Canton, H., Sanders-Bush, E., & Emeson, R. B. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/387303a0 · Cited by 1,010 · cited 1×
“Likewise, for the serotonin 2C receptor pre-mRNA, three amino acid substitutions within exon 3 at the I/V, N/S, and I/V sites caused by selective RNA editing led to a decrease in G-protein coupling (45).”
Background
Influenza A Virus Lacking the NS1 Gene Replicates in Interferon-Deficient Systems
García‐Sastre, A., Egorov, A., Matassov, D., Brandt, S., Levy, D. E., Durbin, J. E., Palese, P., & Muster, T. (1998) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9508 · Cited by 1,000
Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?
Nathan, C. F. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119782 · Cited by 935
Regulation of MHC Class II Expression by Interferon-γ Mediated by the Transactivator Gene CIITA
Steimle, V., Siegrist, C.-A., Mottet, A., Lisowska-Grospierre, B., & Mach, B. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8016643 · Cited by 898
Disruption of the Jak1 Gene Demonstrates Obligatory and Nonredundant Roles of the Jaks in Cytokine-Induced Biologic Responses
Rodig, S. J., Meraz‐Ríos, M. A., White, J. M., Lampe, P. A., Riley, J. K., Arthur, C. D., King, K. L., Sheehan, K. C. F., Li, Y., Pennica, D., et al. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81166-6 · Cited by 857
Direct triggering of the type I interferon system by virus infection: activation of a transcription factor complex containing IRF‐3 and CBP/p300
Yoneyama, M., Suhara, W., Fukuhara, Y., Fukuda, M., Nishida, E., & Fujita, T. (1998) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.4.1087 · Cited by 841
Evidence That Hepatitis C Virus Resistance to Interferon Is Mediated through Repression of the PKR Protein Kinase by the Nonstructural 5A Protein
Gale, M., Korth, M. J., Tang, N., Tan, S., Hopkins, D. A., Dever, T. E., Polyak, S. J., Gretch, D. R., & Katze, M. G. (1997) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8493 · Cited by 810
Inhibition of Viral Replication by Interferon-γ-Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase
Karupiah, G., Xie, Q. W., Buller, R. M. L., Nathan, C., Duarte, C. J., & MacMicking, J. D. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7690156 · Cited by 810
pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A: an inhibitor of protein synthesis synthesized with an enzyme fraction from interferon-treated cells.
Kerr, I. M., & Brown, R. E. (1978) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.75.1.256 · Cited by 794
Dengue: the risk to developed and developing countries.
Monath, T. P. C. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2395 · Cited by 787
SOCS1 Is a Critical Inhibitor of Interferon γ Signaling and Prevents the Potentially Fatal Neonatal Actions of this Cytokine
Alexander, W. S., Starr, R., Fenner, J. E., Scott, C. L., Handman, E., Sprigg, N. S., Corbin, J. E., Cornish, A. L., Darwiche, R., Owczarek, C. M., et al. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80047-1 · Cited by 762
The γ 1 34.5 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 complexes with protein phosphatase 1α to dephosphorylate the α subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 and preclude the shutoff of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase
He, B., Gross, M., & Roizman, B. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.3.843 · Cited by 755
Control of Kinetic Properties of AMPA Receptor Channels by Nuclear RNA Editing
Lomeli, H., Mosbacher, J., Melcher, T., Höger, T., Geiger, J. R. P., Kuner, T., Monyer, H., Higuchi, M., Bach, A., & Seeburg, P. H. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7992055 · Cited by 746
Inhibition of the Interferon- Inducible Protein Kinase PKR by HCV E2 Protein
Taylor, D. R., Shi, S. T., Romano, P. R., Barber, G. N., & Lai, M. M. C. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.285.5424.107 · Cited by 732
An unwinding activity that covalently modifies its double-stranded RNA substrate
Bass, B., & Weintraub, H. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90253-x · Cited by 730
Virus Infection Induces the Assembly of Coordinately Activated Transcription Factors on the IFN-β Enhancer In Vivo
Wathelet, M. G., Lin, C. H., Parekh, B. S., Ronco, L. V., Howley, P. M., & Maniatis, T. (1998) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80051-9 · Cited by 730
Targeted disruption of IRF-1 or IRF-2 results in abnormal type I IFN gene induction and aberrant lymphocyte development
Matsuyama, T., Kimura, T., Kitagawa, M., Pfeffer, K., Kawakami, T., Watanabe, N., Kündig, T. M., Amakawa, R., Kishihara, K., Wakeham, A., et al. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(05)80086-8 · Cited by 649
Regulation of apoptosis by viral gene products
Teodoro, J. G., & Branton, P. E. (1997) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.71.3.1739-1746.1997 · Cited by 635
The interferon system. A bird's eye view of its biochemistry.
Sen, G. C., & Lengyel, P. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42719-6 · Cited by 633
Deficient signaling in mice devoid of double‐stranded RNA‐dependent protein kinase.
Yang, Y. L., Reis, L. F. L., Pavlovic, J., Aguzzi, A., Schäfer, R., Kumar, A., Williams, B. R. G., Aguet, M., & Weissmann, C. (1995) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00300.x · Cited by 632
Human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoprotein binds to interferon regulatory factor-3 and inhibits its transcriptional activityPreprint
Ronco, L. V., Karpova, A. Y., Vidal, M., & Howley, P. M. (1998) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.12.13.2061 · Cited by 631
Prevention of Vertebrate Neuronal Death by the crmA Gene
Gagliardini, V., Fernandez, P.-A., Lee, R. K. K., Drexler, H. C. A., Rotello, R. J., Fishman, M. C., & Yuan, J. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8303301 · Cited by 612
Antiviral actions of interferon interferon-regulated cellular proteins and their surprisingly selective antiviral activities
Samuel, C. E. (1991) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(91)90112-o · Cited by 608
Self-citation
Control of PKR Protein Kinase by Hepatitis C Virus Nonstructural 5A Protein: Molecular Mechanisms of Kinase Regulation
Gale, M., Blakely, C. M., Kwieciszewski, B., Tan, S., Dossett, M. L., Tang, N., Korth, M. J., Polyak, S. J., Gretch, D. R., & Katze, M. G. (1998) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.18.9.5208 · Cited by 606
The Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR: Structure and Function
Clemens, M. J., & Elia, A. (1997) · Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · doi:10.1089/jir.1997.17.503 · Cited by 605
Pillars Article: Virus Interference. I. The Interferon. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1957. 147: 258-267
Isaacs, A., & Lindenmann, J.-M. (2015) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1093/jimmunol/195.5.1911 · Cited by 605
ANTIGEN PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION BY THE CLASS I MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
York, I. A., & Rock, K. L. (1996) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.369 · Cited by 604
Negative Regulation of Cytokine Signaling Pathways
Yasukawa, H., Sasaki, A. T., & Yoshimura, A. (2000) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.143 · Cited by 596
When Two Strands Are Better Than One: The Mediators and Modulators of the Cellular Responses to Double-Stranded RNA
Jacobs, B. L., & Langland, J. (1996) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.1996.0259 · Cited by 588
Immune interferon activates multiple class II major histocompatibility complex genes and the associated invariant chain gene in human endothelial cells and dermal fibroblasts.
Collins, T., Korman, A. J., Wake, C. T., Boss, J. M., Kappes, D. J., Fiers, W. C., Ault, K. A., Gimbrone, M. A., Strominger, J. L., & Pober, J. S. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.15.4917 · Cited by 584
Expression and Regulation by Interferon of a Double-Stranded-RNA-Specific Adenosine Deaminase from Human Cells: Evidence for Two Forms of the Deaminase
Patterson, J. B., & Samuel, C. E. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.10.5376 · Cited by 584
Self-citation
Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activates transcription factor NF-kappa B by phosphorylating I kappa B.
Kumar, A., Haque, J., Lacoste, J., Hiscott, J. B., & Williams, B. R. G. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.14.6288 · Cited by 568
Genetic Variation in HTLV-III/LAV Over Time in Patients with AIDS or at Risk for AIDS
Hahn, B. H., Shaw, G. M., Taylor, M. E., Redfield, R. R., Markham, P., Salahuddin, S. Z., Wong‐Staal, F., Gallo, R. C., Parks, E. S., & Parks, W. P. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3012778 · Cited by 564
Interferon action and apoptosis are defective in mice devoid of 2′,5′‐oligoadenylate‐dependent RNase L
Zhou, A., Paranjape, J., Brown, T. L., Nie, H., Naik, S., Dong, B., Chang, A., Trapp, B., Fairchild, R., Colmenares, C., et al. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.21.6355 · Cited by 559
Requirement for MAP Kinase (ERK2) Activity in Interferon α- and Interferon β-Stimulated Gene Expression Through STAT Proteins
David, M., Petricoin, E., Benjamin, C. D., Pine, R. I., Weber, M. J., & Larner, A. C. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7569900 · Cited by 543
Malignant transformation by a mutant of the IFN-inducible dsRNA-dependent protein kinase
Koromilas, A. E., Roy, S., Barber, G. N., Katze, M. G., & Sonenberg, N. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1382315 · Cited by 532
Essential Role for the dsRNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR in Innate Immunity to Viral Infection
Balachandran, S., Roberts, P. C., Brown, L. E., Truong, H., Pattnaik, A. K., Archer, D. R., & Barber, G. N. (2000) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)00014-5 · Cited by 527
A mammalian RNA editing enzyme
Melcher, T., Maas, S., Herb, A., Sprengel, R., SEEBURG, P. H., & Higuchi, M. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/379460a0 · Cited by 526
Expression cloning of 2-5A-dependent RNAase: A uniquely regulated mediator of interferon action
Zhou, A. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90403-d · Cited by 515
Expression of MHC class II molecules in different cellular and functional compartments is controlled by differential usage of multiple promoters of the transactivator CIITA
Mühlethaler‐Mottet, A., Otten, L., Steimle, V., & Mach, B. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.10.2851 · Cited by 507
Phenotype of Mice and Macrophages Deficient in Both Phagocyte Oxidase and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Shiloh, M. U., MacMicking, J. D., Nicholson, S., Brause, J. E., Potter, S. H., Marino, M., Fang, F. C., Dinauer, M. C., & Nathan, C. (1999) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80004-7 · Cited by 507
Mx protein: Constitutive expression in 3T3 cells transformed with cloned Mx cDNA confers selective resistance to influenza virus
Staeheli, P., Haller, O., Boll, W., Lindenmann, J.-M., & Weissmann, C. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90493-9 · Cited by 488
Interactions between Double-Stranded RNA Regulators and the Protein Kinase DAI
Manche, L., Green, S. R., Schmedt, C., & Mathews, M. B. (1992) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.12.11.5238 · Cited by 484
STAT proteins and transcriptional responses to extracellular signals
Horvath, C. M. (2000) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(00)01624-8 · Cited by 482
The growing family of interferon regulatory factors
Nguyen, H., Hiscott, J., & Pitha, P. M. (1997) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(97)00019-1 · Cited by 480
The Ebola virus VP35 protein functions as a type I IFN antagonist
Basler, C. F., Wang, X., Mühlberger, E., Volchkov, V. E., Paragas, J., Klenk, H., García‐Sastre, A., & Palese, P. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.220398297 · Cited by 477
Integrating the MAP kinase signal into the G1 phase cell cycle machinery
Roovers, K., & Assoian, R. K. (2000) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/1521-1878(200009)22:9 · Cited by 475
PACT, a protein activator of the interferon‐induced protein kinase, PKR
Patel, R. C., & Sen, G. C. (1998) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.15.4379 · Cited by 457
Cellular gene expression altered by human cytomegalovirus: Global monitoring with oligonucleotide arrays
Zhu, H., Cong, J.-P., Mamtora, G., Gingeras, T., & Shenk, T. E. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.24.14470 · Cited by 449
Molecular cloning of cDNA for double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase, a candidate enzyme for nuclear RNA editing.
Kim, U., Wang, Y., Sanford, T., Zeng, Y., & Nishikura, K. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.24.11457 · Cited by 442
DNA Microarray Analysis of Chimpanzee Liver during Acute Resolving Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Bigger, C. B., Brasky, K. M., & Lanford, R. E. (2001) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.75.15.7059-7066.2001 · Cited by 442
Biased hypermutation and other genetic changes in defective measles viruses in human brain infections
Cattaneo, R., Schmid, A., Eschle, D., Baczko, K., ter Meulen, V., & Billeter, M. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90048-7 · Cited by 439
Tumor suppressor function of the interferon-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase.
MEURS, E. F., GALABRU, J., Barber, G. N., Katze, M. G., & Hovanessian, A. G. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.1.232 · Cited by 427
The V Protein of Simian Virus 5 Inhibits Interferon Signalling by Targeting STAT1 for Proteasome-Mediated Degradation
Didcock, L., Young, D. F., Goodbourn, S., & Randall, R. E. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.12.9928-9933.1999 · Cited by 422
Apoptosis: an innate immune response to virus infection
Everett, H., & McFadden, G. (1999) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(99)01487-0 · Cited by 418
Double-Stranded RNA as a Template for Gene Silencing
Bass, B. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)71133-1 · Cited by 417
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes inhibit hepatitis B virus gene expression by a noncytolytic mechanism in transgenic mice.
Guidotti, L. G., Ando, K., Hobbs, M. V., Ishikawa, T., Runkel, L., Schreiber, R. D., & Chisari, F. V. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.9.3764 · Cited by 412
The Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 1 and SOCS3 but Not SOCS2 Proteins Inhibit Interferon-mediated Antiviral and Antiproliferative Activities
Song, M. M., & Shuai, K. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.52.35056 · Cited by 396
Adenovirus virus-associated RNA and translation control
Mathews, M. B., & Shenk, T. E. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.11.5657-5662.1991 · Cited by 393
A double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway mediating stress-induced apoptosis
Der, S. D., Yang, Y.-L., Weissmann, C., & Williams, B. R. G. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3279 · Cited by 389
Molecular Mechanisms of Interferon Resistance Mediated by Viral-Directed Inhibition of PKR, the Interferon-Induced Protein Kinase
Gale, M., & Katze, M. G. (1998) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00165-4 · Cited by 388
p38 MAP kinase is required for STAT1 serine phosphorylation and transcriptional activation induced by interferons
Goh, K. C., Haque, S. J., & Williams, B. R. G. (1999) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/18.20.5601 · Cited by 388
Binding of the Influenza Virus NS1 Protein to Double-Stranded RNA Inhibits the Activation of the Protein Kinase That Phosphorylates the eIF-2 Translation Initiation Factor
LU, Y., Wambach, M., Katze, M. G., & Krug, R. M. (1995) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.1995.9937 · Cited by 387
Vaccinia Virus B18R Gene Encodes a Type I Interferon-binding Protein That Blocks Interferon α Transmembrane Signaling
Colamonici, O. R., Domanski, P. J., Sweitzer, S. M., Larner, A. C., & Buller, R. M. L. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.27.15974 · Cited by 385
Activation of the dsRNA‐dependent protein kinase, PKR, induces apoptosis through FADD‐mediated death signaling
Balachandran, S., Kim, C. N., Yeh, W., Mak, T., Bhalla, K., & Barber, G. (1998) · EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.23.6888 · Cited by 385
The eIF-2 alpha protein kinases, regulators of translation in eukaryotes from yeasts to humans.
Samuel, C. E. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)52994-x · Cited by 384
Self-citation
A null mutation in the gene encoding a type I interferon receptor component eliminates antiproliferative and antiviral responses to interferons alpha and beta and alters macrophage responses.
Hwang, S. Y., Hertzog, P. J., Holland, K. A., Sumarsono, S. H., Tymms, M. J., Hamilton, J. A., Whitty, G. A., Bertoncello, I., & Kola, I. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.24.11284 · Cited by 378
Adenovirus VAI RNA antagonizes the antiviral action of interferon by preventing activation of the interferon-induced eIF-2α kinase
Kitajewski, J., Schneider, R. J., Safer, B., et al. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90383-1 · Cited by 368
DNA replication in eukaryotic cells
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-3292 · Cited by 365
Interferon Action: RNA Cleavage Pattern of a (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate—Dependent Endonuclease
Floyd-Smith, G., Slattery, E., & Lengyel, P. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6165080 · Cited by 362
Antiviral defense in mice lacking both alpha/beta and gamma interferon receptors
van den Broek, M. F., Müller, U., Huang, S., Aguet, M., & Zinkernagel, R. M. (1995) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.69.8.4792-4796.1995 · Cited by 362
Influenza Virus NS1 Protein Counteracts PKR-Mediated Inhibition of Replication
Bergmann, M., Garcia-Sastre, A., Carnero, E., Pehamberger, H., Wolff, K., Palese, P., & Muster, T. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.13.6203-6206.2000 · Cited by 362
KSHV ORF K9 (vIRF) is an oncogene which inhibits the interferon signaling pathway
Gao, S., Boshoff, C., Jayachandra, S., Weiss, R. A., Chang, Y., & Moore, P. S. (1997) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201571 · Cited by 356
Interferons and Other Cytokines
Hendrzak, J. A., & Brunda, M. J. (1997) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-717-8_13 · Cited by 356
Class II transactivator (CIITA) is sufficient for the inducible expression of major histocompatibility complex class II genes
Chang, C., Fontes, J., Peterlin, M., & Flavell, R. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.180.4.1367 · Cited by 352
New Mouse Model for Dengue Virus Vaccine Testing
Johnson, A. J., & Roehrig, J. T. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.1.783-786.1999 · Cited by 351
Recent human influenza A (H1N1) viruses are closely related genetically to strains isolated in 1950
Nakajima, K., Desselberger, U., & Palese, P. (1978) · Nature · doi:10.1038/274334a0 · Cited by 351
Deficient cytokine signaling in mouse embryo fibroblasts with a targeted deletion in the PKR gene: role of IRF‐1 and NF‐κB
Kumar, A., Yang, Y., Flati, V., Der, S., Kadereit, S., Deb, A., Haque, J., Reis, L. F. L., Weissmann, C., & Williams, B. R. G. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.2.406 · Cited by 350
Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 transcripts possess alternative exon 1 structures that initiate from different promoters, one constitutively active and the other interferon inducible
George, C. X., & Samuel, C. E. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4621 · Cited by 349
Self-citation
Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 and CREB-Binding Protein/p300 Are Subunits of Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Transcription Factor DRAF1
Weaver, B. K., Kumar, K. P., & Reich, N. C. (1998) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.18.3.1359 · Cited by 348
A double-stranded RNA unwinding activity introduces structural alterations by means of adenosine to inosine conversions in mammalian cells and Xenopus eggs.
Wagner, R. W., Smith, J. E., Cooperman, B. S., & Nishikura, K. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.8.2647 · Cited by 347
RNA editing of hepatitis delta virus antigenome by dsRNA-adenosine deaminase
Poison, A. G., Bass, B., & Casey, J. L. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/380454a0 · Cited by 346
Biologic consequences of Stat1-independent IFN signaling
Gil, M. P., Bohn, E., O'Guin, A. K., Ramana, C. V., Levine, B., Stark, G. R., Virgin, H. W., & Schreiber, R. D. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.111163898 · Cited by 345
Differential Regulation of the Alpha/Beta Interferon-Stimulated Jak/Stat Pathway by the SH2 Domain-Containing Tyrosine Phosphatase SHPTP1
David, M., Chen, H. E., Goelz, S. E., Larner, A. C., & Neel, B. G. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.12.7050 · Cited by 342
Role of early cytokines, including alpha and beta interferons (IFN-α\β), in innate and adaptive immune responses to viral infections
Biron, C. A. (1998) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0138 · Cited by 341
A Viral Mechanism for Inhibition of p300 and PCAF Acetyltransferase Activity
Chakravarti, D., Ogryzko, V., Kao, H.-Y., Nash, A., Chen, H., Nakatani, Y., & Evans, R. M. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80552-8 · Cited by 339
Human Cytomegalovirus Inhibits Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression By Disruption of the Jak/Stat Pathway
Miller, D. M., Rahill, B. M., Boss, J. M., Lairmore, M. D., Durbin, J. E., Waldman, J., & Sedmak, D. D. (1998) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.187.5.675 · Cited by 337
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity
Shtrichman, R., & Samuel, C. E. (2001) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00199-5 · Cited by 334
Self-citation
Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in a chimpanzee is associated with emergence of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variant.
Weiner, A. J., Erickson, A. L., Kansopon, J., Crawford, K., Muchmore, E., Hughes, A. L., Houghton, M., & Walker, C. M. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.7.2755 · Cited by 332
Viruses and apoptosis
Shen, Y., & Shenk, T. E. (1995) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/s0959-437x(95)90061-6 · Cited by 326
Modulation of Dengue Virus Infection in Human Cells by Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Interferons
Diamond, M., Roberts, T. G., Edgil, D., Lu, B., Ernst, J., & Harris, E. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.11.4957-4966.2000 · Cited by 325
ESCAPE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS FROM IMMUNE CONTROL
McMichael, A. J., & Phillips, R. E. (1997) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.271 · Cited by 323
Antisense RNA injections in fertilized frog eggs reveal an RNA duplex unwinding activity
Rebagliati, M. R., & Melton, D. A. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90238-8 · Cited by 321
Interferon action—sequence specificity of the ppp(A2′p)nA-dependent ribonuclease
Wreschner, D. H., McCauley, J. W., Skehel, J. J., & Kerr, I. M. (1981) · Nature · doi:10.1038/289414a0 · Cited by 321
Human p68 kinase exhibits growth suppression in yeast and homology to the translational regulator GCN2.
Chong, K. L., Feng, L., Schappert, K. T., MEURS, E. F., Donahue, T. F., Friesen, J. D., Hovanessian, A. G., & Williams, B. R. G. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05200.x · Cited by 320
Use of differential display analysis to assess the effect of human cytomegalovirus infection on the accumulation of cellular RNAs: Induction of interferon-responsive RNAs
Zhu, H., Cong, J., & Shenk, T. E. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.25.13985 · Cited by 318
Translational Control of Viral Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
Gale, M., Tan, S., & Katze, M. G. (2000) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.64.2.239-280.2000 · Cited by 316
cDNA Structures and Regulation of Two Interferon-Induced Human Mx Proteins
Aebi, M., Fäh, J., Hurt, N., Samuel, C., Thomis, D. C., Bazzigher, L., Pavlovic, J., Haller, O., & Staeheli, P. (1989) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.9.11.5062 · Cited by 305
Self-citation
Interferon α/β-mediated inhibition and promotion of interferon γ: STAT1 resolves a paradox
Nguyen, K. B., Cousens, L. P., Doughty, L., Pien, G. C., Durbin, J. E., & Biron, C. A. (2000) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/76940 · Cited by 303
Autophosphorylation of the protein kinase dependent on double-stranded RNA.
GALABRU, J., & Hovanessian, A. G. (1987) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47759-9 · Cited by 303
Human and mouse Mx proteins inhibit different steps of the influenza virus multiplication cycle
Pavlovic, J., Haller, O., & Staeheli, P. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.4.2564-2569.1992 · Cited by 301
An Interferon-γ-activated Site (GAS) Is Necessary for Full Expression of the Mouse iNOS Gene in Response to Interferon-γ and Lipopolysaccharide
Gao, J., Morrison, D. C., Parmely, T. J., Russell, S. W., & Murphy, W. J. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.2.1226 · Cited by 300
THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS
Lai, M. M. C. (1995) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.001355 · Cited by 298
Expression of Hepatitis C Virus Proteins Inhibits Signal Transduction through the Jak-STAT Pathway
Heim, M. H., Moradpour, D., & Blum, H. E. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.10.8469-8475.1999 · Cited by 289
Abrogation of translation initiation factor eIF‐2 phosphorylation causes malignant transformation of NIH 3T3 cells.
Donzé, O., Jagus, R., Koromilas, A. E., Hershey, J. W. B., & Sonenberg, N. (1995) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00052.x · Cited by 288
Mx proteins: mediators of innate resistance to RNA viruses
Haller, O., Frese, M., & Kochs, G. (1998) · Scientific and Technical Review (World Organisation for Animal Health) · doi:10.20506/rst.17.1.1084 · Cited by 286
Microarray Analysis Identifies Interferon-Inducible Genes and Stat-1 as Major Transcriptional Targets of Human Papillomavirus Type 31
Chang, Y. E., & Laimins, L. A. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.9.4174-4182.2000 · Cited by 284
The Role of Interferon in Influenza Virus Tissue Tropism
García‐Sastre, A., Durbin, R. K., Zheng, H., Palese, P., Gertner, R., Levy, D. E., & Durbin, J. E. (1998) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.72.11.8550-8558.1998 · Cited by 281
Control of immune pathology by regulatory T cells
Mason, D., & Powrie, F. M. (1998) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80084-8 · Cited by 278
The Jak-Stat Pathway: Cytokine Signalling from the Receptor to the Nucleus
Heim, M. H. (1999) · Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction · doi:10.3109/10799899909036638 · Cited by 275
The Vaccinia Virus Soluble Alpha/Beta Interferon (IFN) Receptor Binds to the Cell Surface and Protects Cells from the Antiviral Effects of IFN
Alcamı́, A., Symons, J. A., & Smith, G. L. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.23.11230-11239.2000 · Cited by 274
Constitutive expression of (2′–5′) oligo A synthetase confers resistance to picornavirus infection
Chebath, J., Benech, P. D., Revel, M., & Vigneron, M. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/330587a0 · Cited by 273
A dominant negative mutant of 2‐5A‐dependent RNase suppresses antiproliferative and antiviral effects of interferon.
Hassel, B. A., Zhou, A., Sotomayor, C. E., et al. (1993) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05999.x · Cited by 271
RNA editing of brain glutamate receptor channels: mechanism and physiology1Published on the World Wide Web on 5 February 1998.1
Seeburg, P. H., Higuchi, M., & Sprengel, R. (1998) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(97)00062-3 · Cited by 270
Cloning a novel member of the human interferon-inducible gene family associated with control of tumorigenicity in a model of human melanoma
Deyoung, K. L., Ray, M. E., Su, Y. A., Anzick, S. L., Johnstone, R. W., Trapani, J. A., Meltzer, P. S., & Trent, J. M. (1997) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201206 · Cited by 268
Cloning of cDNAs encoding mammalian double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase
O’Connell, M. A., Krause, S., Higuchi, M., Hsuan, J. J., Totty, N. F., Jenny, A., & Keller, W. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.3.1389 · Cited by 268
Regulation of Type I Interferon Gene Expression by Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
Schafer, S. L., Lin, R., Moore, P. A., Hiscott, J. B., & Pitha, P. M. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.5.2714 · Cited by 266
Mechanism of interferon action: Phosphorylation of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 in interferon-treated human cells by a ribosome-associated kinase processing site specificity similar to hemin-regulated rabbit reticulocyte kinase
Samuel, C. E. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.2.600 · Cited by 265
Self-citation
The 2–5 A system: Modulation of viral and cellular processes through acceleration of RNA degradation
Player, M. R., & Torrence, P. F. (1998) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00167-8 · Cited by 264
2-5A-dependent RNase Molecules Dimerize during Activation by 2-5A
Dong, B., & Silverman, R. H. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.8.4133 · Cited by 261
IRF-7, a New Interferon Regulatory Factor Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus Latency
Zhang, L., & Pagano, J. S. (1997) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.17.10.5748 · Cited by 261
Functional diversity in the dynamin family
van der Bliek, A. M. (1999) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01490-1 · Cited by 260
STAT3 as an Adapter to Couple Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase to the IFNAR1 Chain of the Type I Interferon Receptor
Pfeffer, L. M., Mullersman, J. E., Pfeffer, S. R., Murti, A., Shi, W., & Yang, C. H. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5317.1418 · Cited by 258
Interferon-γ-Mediated Site-Specific Clearance of Alphavirus from CNS Neurons
Binder, G. K., & Griffin, D. E. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1059742 · Cited by 252
The Type I Interferon Receptor: Structure, Function, and Evolution of a Family Business
Mogensen, K. E., Lewerenz, M., Reboul, J., Lutfalla, G., & Uzé, G. (1999) · Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · doi:10.1089/107999099313019 · Cited by 252
Antiapoptotic and Oncogenic Potentials of Hepatitis C Virus Are Linked to Interferon Resistance by Viral Repression of the PKR Protein Kinase
Gale, M., Kwieciszewski, B., Dossett, M. L., et al. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.8.6506-6516.1999 · Cited by 251
Cloning and Characterization of a RNase L Inhibitor.
Bisbal, C., Martinand, C., Silhol, M., et al. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13308 · Cited by 248
Two RNA-binding motifs in the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, DAI.Preprint
Green, S. R., & Mathews, M. B. (1992) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.6.12b.2478 · Cited by 247
Triggering the Interferon Response: The Role of IRF-3 Transcription Factor
Hiscott, J. B., Pitha, P. M., Génin, P., Nguyen, H., Heylbroeck, C., Mamane, Y., Algarté-Génin, M., & Lin, R. (1999) · Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · doi:10.1089/107999099314360 · Cited by 244
Interferon Action in Triply Deficient Mice Reveals the Existence of Alternative Antiviral Pathways
Zhou, A., Paranjape, J. M., Der, S. D., Williams, B. R. G., & Silverman, R. H. (1999) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.1999.9738 · Cited by 244
Stat1-independent regulation of gene expression in response to IFN-γ
Ramana, C. V., Gil, M. P., Han, Y., Ransohoff, R. M., Schreiber, R. D., & Stark, G. R. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.111164198 · Cited by 244
Alpha/Beta Interferon Protects Adult Mice from Fatal Sindbis Virus Infection and Is an Important Determinant of Cell and Tissue Tropism
Ryman, K. D., Klimstra, W. B., Nguyen, K. B., et al. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.7.3366-3378.2000 · Cited by 244
Critical role of a common transcription factor, IRF‐1, in the regulation of IFN‐beta and IFN‐inducible genes.
Reis, L. F. L., Harada, H., Wolchok, J. D., Taniguchi, T., & Vilček, J. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05041.x · Cited by 243
Constitutive expression of human double-stranded RNA-activated p68 kinase in murine cells mediates phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and partial resistance to encephalomyocarditis virus growth
MEURS, E. F., Watanabe, Y., Kadereit, S., et al. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.10.5805-5814.1992 · Cited by 241
NS5A, a nonstructural protein of hepatitis C virus, binds growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 adaptor protein in a Src homology 3 domain/ligand-dependent manner and perturbs mitogenic signaling
Tan, S., Nakao, H., He, Y., Vijaysri, S., Neddermann, P., Jacobs, B. L., Mayer, B. J., & Katze, M. G. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.10.5533 · Cited by 236
Four different forms of interferon-induced 2',5'-oligo(A) synthetase identified by immunoblotting in human cells.
Chebath, J., Benech, P. D., Hovanessian, A. G., GALABRU, J., & Revel, M. (1987) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)61434-6 · Cited by 234
Essential and non‐redundant roles of p48 (ISGF3γ) and IRF‐1 in both type I and type II interferon responses, as revealed by gene targeting studies
Kimura, T., Kadokawa, Y., Harada, H., Matsumoto, M., Sato, M., Kashiwazaki, Y., Tarutani, M., Tan, R. S., Takasugi, T., Matsuyama, T., et al. (1996) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.1996.08008.x · Cited by 233
A standardized nomenclature for adenosine deaminases that act on RNA
Bass, B., Nishikura, K., Keller, W. D., et al. (1997) · PubMed · doi:10.5451/unibas-ep2489 · Cited by 232
The Human 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase Family: Interferon-Induced Proteins with Unique Enzymatic Properties
Rebouillat, D., & Hovanessian, A. G. (1999) · Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · doi:10.1089/107999099313992 · Cited by 232
Characterization of Transgenic Mice with Targeted Disruption of the Catalytic Domain of the Double-stranded RNA-dependent Protein Kinase, PKR
Abraham, N. B., Stojdl, D. F., Duncan, P. I., Méthot, N., Ishii, T. M., Dubé, M., Vanderhyden, B. C., Atkins, H. L., Gray, D. A., McBurney, M. W., et al. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.9.5953 · Cited by 232
Specific phenotypic restoration of an attenuated virus by knockout of a host resistance gene
Leib, D. A., Machalek, M. A., Williams, B. R. G., Silverman, R. H., & Virgin, H. W. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.100415697 · Cited by 230
Minor-Groove Recognition of Double-Stranded RNA by the Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Domain from the RNA-Activated Protein Kinase PKR
Bevilacqua, P. C., & Cech, T. R. (1996) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi9607259 · Cited by 227
PKR: a new name and new roles
Proud, C. G. (1995) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(00)89025-8 · Cited by 225
Crystal structure of an IRF‐DNA complex reveals novel DNA recognition and cooperative binding to a tandem repeat of core sequences
Fujii, Y., Shimizu, T., Kusumoto, M., Kyogoku, Y., Taniguchi, T., & Hakoshima, T. (1999) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/18.18.5028 · Cited by 223
Inhibition of PKR Activation by the Proline-Rich RNA Binding Domain of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Us11 Protein
Poppers, J., Mulvey, M. A., Khoo, D., & Mohr, I. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.23.11215-11221.2000 · Cited by 223
Oncogenic potential of TAR RNA binding protein TRBP and its regulatory interaction with RNA‐dependent protein kinase PKR
Benkirane, M., Neuveut, C., Chun, R. F., Smith, S. M., Samuel, C. E., Gatignol, A., & Jeang, K. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.3.611 · Cited by 221
Self-citation
Ser727‐dependent recruitment of MCM5 by Stat1α in IFN‐γ‐induced transcriptional activation
Zhang, J. J., Zhao, Y., Chait, B. T., Lathem, W. W., Ritzi, M., Knippers, R., & Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1998) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.23.6963 · Cited by 221
Regulated Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Localization of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3, a Subunit of Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Factor 1
Kumar, K. P., McBride, K. M., Weaver, B. K., Dingwall, C., & Reich, N. C. (2000) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.20.11.4159-4168.2000 · Cited by 212
A new pathway of translational regulation mediated by eukaryotic initiation factor 3
Guo, J., Hui, D. J., Merrick, W. C., & Sen, G. C. (2000) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/19.24.6891 · Cited by 206
Sendai Virus C Proteins Counteract the Interferon-Mediated Induction of an Antiviral State
Garcin, D., Latorre, P., & Kolakofsky, D. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.8.6559-6565.1999 · Cited by 204
Forced degradation of Fas inhibits apoptosis in adenovirus-infected cells
Tollefson, A. E., Hermiston, T. W., Lichtenstein, D. L., Colle, C. F., Tripp, R. A., Dimitrov, T., Tóth, K., Wells, C. E., Doherty, P. C., & Wold, W. S. M. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/33712 · Cited by 203
Functional expression and RNA binding analysis of the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated, 68,000-Mr protein kinase in a cell-free system.
Katze, M. G., Wambach, M., Wong, M., Garfinkel, M. S., MEURS, E. F., Chong, K. L., Williams, B. R. G., Hovanessian, A. G., & Barber, G. N. (1991) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.11.11.5497 · Cited by 203
Collaboration of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and BRCA1 in differential regulation of IFN-γ target genes
Ouchi, T., Lee, S. W., Ouchi, M., Aaronson, S. A., & Horvath, C. M. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.080469697 · Cited by 202
Viral cross talk: intracellular inactivation of the hepatitis B virus during an unrelated viral infection of the liver.
Guidotti, L. G., Borrow, P., Hobbs, M. V., et al. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4589 · Cited by 202
Tumor-suppressor genes: news about the interferon connection.
Lengyel, P. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.13.5893 · Cited by 199
Nuclear antisense RNA induces extensive adenosine modifications and nuclear retention of target transcripts
Kumar, M., & Carmichael, G. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.8.3542 · Cited by 199
Induction of Apoptosis by Double-Stranded-RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) Involves the α Subunit of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 and NF-κB
Gil, J., Alcamí, J., & Esteban, M. (1999) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.19.7.4653 · Cited by 199
Paramyxoviridae Use Distinct Virus-Specific Mechanisms to Circumvent the Interferon Response
Young, D. F., Didcock, L., Goodbourn, S., & Randall, R. E. (2000) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0240 · Cited by 196
The Murine Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR Is Required for Resistance to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
Stojdl, D. F., Abraham, N. B., Knowles, S., Marius, R. M., Brasey, A., Lichty, B. D., Brown, E. G., Sonenberg, N., & Bell, J. C. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.20.9580-9585.2000 · Cited by 196
Structure of two forms of the interferon‐induced (2′‐5′) oligo A synthetase of human cells based on cDNAs and gene sequences.
Benech, P. D., Mory, Y. Y., Revel, M., & Chebath, J. (1985) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03922.x · Cited by 195
Interferon-induced human MxA GTPase blocks nuclear import of Thogoto virus nucleocapsids
Kochs, G., & Haller, O. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2082 · Cited by 195

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Knipe D. M. Howley P. M. Griffin D. E. Martin M. Roizman B. Straus S. E. Fields virology 4th ed. 2001 Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia Pa
10.1016/0042-6822(92)90733-6 · DOI
Nagano Y. Kojima Y. Inhibition de I'infection vaccinale par le virus homologue. C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Fil. 152 1958 1627 1630

Sorted by citations

Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy
Katze, M. G., He, Y., & Gale, M. (2002) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri888 · Cited by 1,419
Evasion of Type I Interferon by SARS-CoV-2
Xia, H., Cao, Z., Xie, X., Zhang, X., Chen, J. Y.-C., Wang, H., Menachery, V. D., Rajsbaum, R., & Shi, P.-Y. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108234 · Cited by 957
The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses
Vareille, M., Kieninger, E., Edwards, M. R., & Regamey, N. (2011) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00014-10 · Cited by 655
RIG-I detects viral genomic RNA during negative-strand RNA virus infection
Rehwinkel, J., Tan, C. P., Goubau, D., Schulz, O., Pichlmair, A., Bier, K., Robb, N., Vreede, F., Barclay, W., Fodor, E., et al. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.020 · Cited by 585
The Antiviral Activities of Artemisinin and Artesunate
Efferth, T., Romero, M. R., Wolf, D. G., Stamminger, T., Marin, J. J. G., & Marschall, M. (2008) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/591195 · Cited by 503

See all 2,743

Authors: Samuel, C. E.
Affiliations: University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
Corresponding author: Samuel, Charles E.
ORCID: Samuel, Charles E.
Venue: Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2001-10
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Pages: 778-809
ISSN: 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
1098-6618
DOI: 10.1128/cmr.14.4.778-809.2001
PMC: PMC89003
OpenAlex: W2160063406
Cited by: 2,743
References: 474
Citations by year: 2026: 42 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 157 · 2020: 166 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 78 · 2015: 89 · 2014: 116 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 140
FWCI: 7.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI-20611, R01AI012520, AI 12520, R37AI012520, R01AI020611)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords: interferon, antiviral mechanism, interferon-induced proteins, PKR, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, RNase L, ADAR1, double-stranded RNA, inducible nitric oxide synthase, MHC class I and II, JAK/STAT signaling, interferon receptor, interferon-gamma, host-virus interaction, interferon therapy
MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents, Humans, Interferons, Virus Diseases, Signal Transduction, Transcriptional Activation, Apoptosis, Receptors, Interferon

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Antiviral Actions of Interferons

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks