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Pseudohyphal growth of the emerging pathogen Candida auris is triggered by genotoxic stress through the S phase checkpoint

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Bravo Ruiz, Gustavo, Ross, Zoe K., Gow, Neil A. R., Lorenz, Alexander·2020·mSphere
DOI 10.1128/msphere.00151-20PMC PMC7067593

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Abstract

Candida auris is a newly emerged fungal pathogen of humans. This species was first reported in 2009 when it was identified in an ear infection of a patient in Japan. However, despite intense interest in this organism as an often multidrug-resistant fungus, there is little knowledge about its cellular biology. During infection of human patients, fungi are able to change cell shape from ellipsoidal yeast cells to elongated filaments to adapt to various conditions within the host organism. There are different types of filaments, which are triggered by reactions to different cues. Candida auris fails to form filaments when exposed to triggers that stimulate yeast filament morphogenesis in other fungi. Here, we show that it does form filaments when its DNA is damaged. These conditions might arise when Candida auris cells interact with host immune cells or during growth in certain host tissues (kidney or bladder) or during treatment with antifungal drugs.

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  • Certain Candida species can transition from yeast forms to filamentous structures, producing true hyphae in species like C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. tropicalis, or pseudohyphae in species such as C. auris and C. parapsilosis.

    “Certain Candida species can transition from yeast forms to filamentous structures, producing true hyphae in species like C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. tropicalis, or pseudohyphae in species such as C. auris and C. parapsilosis96–98.”

    From Distinct echinocandin responses of Candida albicans and Candida auris cell walls revealed by solid-state NMR (2025) · cites this paper as [97]

    The Results section on genes associated with hyphal growth identifies C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. dubliniensis as capable of forming true hyphae. The Results section on C. auris reports pseudohyphae under genotoxic stress. The paper says C. parapsilosis cannot form true hyphae, but does not say it forms pseudohyphae; it also notes that C. auris filamentation varies by strain. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Clinical isolates of C. auris can exhibit different morphotypes such as filamentous, pseudohyphal, and yeast forms.

    “Clinical isolates of C. auris can exhibit different morphotypes such as filamentous, pseudohyphal, and yeast forms (8–14).”

    From Yeast and filamentous <i>Candida auris</i> stimulate distinct immune responses in the skin (2024) · cites this paper as [14]

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Authors
Bravo Ruiz, G., Ross, Z. K., Gow, N. A. R., & Lorenz, A.
Affiliations
  • Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
  • University of Exeter (GB)
Corresponding author
Lorenz, Alexander
ORCID
Venue
mSphere
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Published
2020-04-29
Volume
5
Issue
2
ISSN
2379-5042 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1128/msphere.00151-20
PMC
PMC7067593
OpenAlex
W3012011716
Cited by
101
References
7
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Type
journal article
Language
en
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  • mSphere (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nd)
  • Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Wellcome Trust (212524/Z/18/Z)
  • UK Research and Innovation | Medical Research Council (MR/P501955/2, MR/N006364/2)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
Keywords
Candida auris, pseudohyphal growth, genotoxic stress, DNA damage, S-phase checkpoint, yeast-to-hypha transition, antifungal resistance, emerging fungal pathogens, host-pathogen interaction
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Physiological, Candida, DNA Damage, DNA, Fungal, Flucytosine, Hydroxyurea, Methyl Methanesulfonate, Mutagens, Virulence, Hyphae, Host-Pathogen Interactions, S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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