Undereating and underrecording of habitual food intake in obese men: selective underreporting of fat intake
Open accessAbstract
Background Underreporting of food intake is common in obese subjects.Objective One aim of this study was to assess to what extent underreporting by obese men is explained by underrecording (failure to record in a food diary everything that is consumed) or undereating. Another aim of the study was to find out whether there was an indication for selective underreporting.Design Subjects were 30 obese men with a mean (+/-SD) body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 34 +/- 4. Total food intake was measured over 1 wk. Energy expenditure (EE) was measured with the doubly labeled water method, and water loss was estimated with deuterium-labeled water. Energy balance was checked for by measuring body weight at the start and end of the food-recording week and 1 wk after the recording week.Results Mean energy intake and EE were 10.4 +/- 2.5 and 16.7 +/- 2. 4 MJ/d, respectively; underreporting was 37 +/- 16%. The mean body mass loss of 1.0 +/- 1.3 kg over the recording week was significantly different (P < 0.05) from the change in body mass over the nonrecording week, and indicated 26% undereating. Water intake (reported + metabolic water) and water loss were significantly different from each other and indicated 12% underrecording. The reported percentage of energy from fat was a function of the level of underreporting: percentage of energy from fat = 46 - 0.2 x percentage of underreporting (r(2) = 0.28, P = 0.003).Conclusions Total underreporting by the obese men was explained by underrecording and undereating. The obese men selectively underreported fat intake.
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Several studies found that underreporting of energy intake, especially for snacks, was more common in obese persons.
“Several studies (53)(54)(55) found that underreporting of EI, especially for snacks, was more common in obese persons.”
From Beneficial metabolic effects of regular meal frequency on dietary thermogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and fasting lipid profiles in healthy obese women1–3 (2005) · cites this paper as [55]
The Introduction says that underreporting increases with body mass index. But the Discussion says this study found no selective omission of snacks among obese men; its example of underreported between-meal snacks concerns nonobese women. The source therefore supports the obesity-related underreporting claim, but not the implication that snacks were especially underreported by obese persons. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Goris, A. H., Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., & Westerterp, K. R.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Goris, Annelies HC
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 130-134
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2171103387
- Cited by
- 530
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 25.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- underreporting of food intake, food diary, undereating, dietary fat intake, energy balance, energy expenditure, water intake, water loss, obesity, men, weight loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Energy Intake, Dietary Fats, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Male, Obesity, Regression Analysis, Diet Records, Body Mass Index
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