Cited by 400Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS: Basic Neurobiology and Clinical Applications

Moore MD, Robert Y.·1997·Annual Review of Medicine

Abstract

▪ Abstract Circadian rhythms are major features of adaptation to our environment. In mammals, circadian rhythms are generated and regulated by a circadian timing system. This system consists of entrainment pathways, pacemakers, and pacemaker output to effector systems that are under circadian control. The primary entrainment pathway is the retinohypothalamic tract, which terminates in the circadian pacemakers, the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. The output of the suprachiasmatic nuclei is principally to the hypothalamus, the midline thalamus, and the basal forebrain. This provides a temporal organization to the sleep-wake cycle, to many physiological and endocrine functions, and to psychomotor performance functions. Disorders of circadian timing primarily affect entrainment and pacemaker functions. The pineal hormone, melatonin, appears to be a promising agent for therapy of some circadian timing disorders.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.253

Cites

55 of 55 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Moore MD, R. Y.
Affiliations
Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15621
Venue
Annual Review of Medicine
Published
1997-02
Volume
48
Issue
1
Pages
253-266
ISSN
  • 0066-4219 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-326X
OpenAlex
W2027654356
Cited by
400
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 19
FWCI
1.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annual Review of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
circadian rhythm, circadian system, suprachiasmatic nucleus, retinohypothalamic tract, circadian pacemaker, sleep-wake cycle, melatonin, circadian rhythm disorders, chronobiology, hormonal regulation, psychomotor performance
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Brain Mapping, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hypothalamus, Neural Pathways, Retina, Sleep Stages, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Thalamus, Wakefulness, Prosencephalon

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review