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State Repression and Political Order
Abstract
▪ Abstract State repression includes harassment, surveillance/spying, bans, arrests, torture, and mass killing by government agents and/or affiliates within their territorial jurisdiction. Over the past 40 years, the systematic study of state repression has grown considerably. The development of this work, however, has been uneven. Though unified in their focus on the problem of order (i.e., trying to ascertain how political authorities wield coercive power amid potential and actual domestic challengers), different scholars tend to emphasize distinct aspects of the topic. Consequently, a great deal of progress has been made in specific areas but others have lagged behind. In this review, I attempt to identify the dominant traditions in the repression literature, the core empirical findings, and some persisting puzzles.
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“While addressing issues such as computer-related fraud, cyberbullying, and child pornography, 106 it also empowers police to demand disclosure of personal information from ISPs and online content providers.And it has been used multiple times to charge journalists and regular online users for spreading fake news on Facebook and Twitter.107”
From Legalizing control: the rise of restrictive internet regulation in sub-Saharan Africa (2026) · cites this paper as [107]
In the citing paper
“FDI has been shown to supplement domestic savings, facilitate inte gration into the global economy, promote technological development 24 and enhance the material well-being of the middle class. 25”
From Authoritarian collaboration and repression in the digital age: balancing foreign direct investment and control in internet infrastructure (2026) · cites this paper as [24]
In the citing paper
“Repression is a broad concept that historically includes actions or policies that are meant to, or actually do, raise the costs of activism (4, 5).”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“The lion’s share of this work has focused on violence by local or national police and/or militaries (5).”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Over 50 years of research on repression shows that the major predictor of most forms of repression is the extent to which a movement or group is a threat (5, 19, 175).”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Other factors known from decades of research on repression, such as the structure of political opportunities (177, 178) and/or the weakness of challengers (5, 19, 175), may also affect digital repression.”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
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“…and economic contexts affect the level and nature of protest policing (Della Porta and Reiter 1998), just as they do state repression more broadly (Davenport 1995, 1996, 2007; Davenport and Armstrong 2004; aUniversity of Notre Dame bStanford University cUniversity of…”
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Danneman, N., & Ritter, E. H. (2013) · Journal of Conflict Resolution · doi:10.1177/0022002712468720 · Cited by 222
“One of the most consistent findings in the study of political violence is that state authorities repress to counter or avert threats arising from challenges to the status quo (Davenport 2007a, 7).”
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McGarty, C., Thomas, E. F., Lala, G., Smith, L. G. E., & Bliuc, A. (2013) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12060 · Cited by 216
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“2012) and devise strategies to repress popular dissent (Davenport, 2007; Escribà-Folch, 2013; Lust-Okar, 2004). Recently, studies that highlight the relevance of claims to legitimacy for the persistence of autocratic rule have gained momentum (Dukalskis & Gerschewski, 2017). Legitimacy among the public can take differ…”
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“12 Hibbs (1973); Davenport (2007); Conrad and Moore (2010); Siegel (2011a,b); Hill and Jones (2014); Danneman and Ritter (2014); Ritter and Conrad (2016); Dragu and Lupu (2018).”
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“(Davenport, 1995, 2007a,b).”
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“For a trenchant analysis of the dynamics of state coercive repression, see also Davenport 2007a; 2007b. 12 Collier and Hoeffler 2004. prevent conflict by increasing the benefits of the alternatives to rebellion.”
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“For an extensive discussion of this literature, see Davenport (2007a).”
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Morgenbesser, L. (2020) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1746275 · Cited by 157
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“Inattention to fi rst movers can be attributed to the 7 See Carey 2006; Davenport 2005, 2007; Pierskalla 2010, 118; Tilly 1978.”
BackgroundDe la répression considérée dans ses rapports à l'activité protestataire
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A political economy of human rights: Oil, natural gas, and state incentives to repress 1
DeMeritt, J. H. R., & Young, J. K. (2013) · Conflict Management and Peace Science · doi:10.1177/0738894212473915 · Cited by 97
“A strong body of empirical work has linked domestic threat and political institutions to increased violations of human rights (Davenport, 2007b; Davenport and Armstrong, 2004; Poe and Tate, 1994; Poe et al., 1999).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTransnational Terror and Human Rights
Piazza, J. A., & Walsh, J. I. (2009) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.01526.x · Cited by 98
The Geography of Repression and Opposition to Autocracy
Bautista, M. A., González, F., Martínez, L. R., Muñoz, P., & Prem, M. (2021) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12614 · Cited by 96
The Long-Term Costs of Government Surveillance: Insights from Stasi Spying in East Germany
Lichter, A., Löffler, M., & Siegloch, S. (2016) · Journal of the European Economic Association · doi:10.1093/jeea/jvaa009 · Cited by 146
Power Sharing, Protection, and Peace
Gates, S., Graham, B. A. T., Lupu, Y., Strand, H., & Strøm, K. W. (2016) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/684366 · Cited by 96
Metadata
- Authors
- Davenport, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davenport, Christian
- ORCID
- Davenport, Christian
- Venue
- Annual Review of Political Science
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-23
- ISSN
- 1094-2939 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-1577
- OpenAlex
- W2149047800
- Cited by
- 1,564
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 120 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 140 · 2022: 134 · 2021: 146 · 2020: 189 · 2019: 141 · 2018: 102 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 61 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 9.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Political Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Memory, violence, and history
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Keywords
- state repression, political order, coercive power, surveillance, torture, mass murder, arrests, ban, political authority, state-society relations
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