Physiological and anatomic evidence for regulation of the heart by suprachiasmatic nucleus in rats
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the mammalian biological clock that generates the daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. Light can phase shift the rhythm of the SCN but can also acutely affect SCN activity and output, e.g., output to the pineal. Recently, multisynaptic SCN connections to other organs were also demonstrated. Moreover, they were shown to affect those organs functionally. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the SCN in the regulation of the heart. First, we demonstrated that heart rate (HR) in SCN-intact, but not SCN-lesioned (SCNx), male Wistar rats had a clear circadian rhythm, which was not caused by locomotor activity. Second, we demonstrated that light at night reduces HR in intact but not in SCNx rats. Finally, we demonstrated the presence of a multisynaptic autonomic connection from SCN neurons to the heart with the retrograde pseudorabies virus tracing technique. Together, these results demonstrate that the SCN affects the heart in rats and suggest that this is mediated by a neuronal mechanism.
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The SCN may modulate cardiovascular functioning, as suggested by multisynaptic projections from the SCN to the heart and organs that regulate cardiovascular function through hormones and blood volume regulation.
“That the SCN may modulate cardiovascular functioning is suggested by the presence of multisynaptic projections from the SCN to the heart and organs that regulate cardiovascular function through hormones and blood volume regulation (e.g., adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, and kidneys”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as Scheer et al., 2001
In rats, there is a circadian rhythm in resting heart rate under constant dark conditions, independent of the circadian rhythm in behavioral activity.
“In rats, there is also a circadian rhythm in resting heart rate under constant dark conditions, thus even independent of the circadian rhythm in behavioral activity”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as Scheer et al., 2001
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- Authors
- Scheer, F. A. J. L., Ter Horst, G. J., van der Vliet, J., & Buijs, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, University and Academic Hospital of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, 1105 AZ Amsterdam; and
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2001-03-01
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- H1391-H1399
- ISSN
- 0363-6135 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1539
- OpenAlex
- W2400609677
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Keywords
- suprachiasmatic nucleus, circadian rhythm, heart rate, autonomic regulation of the heart, light at night, SCN lesions, pineal gland, biological clock
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autonomic Nervous System, Circadian Rhythm, Heart, Heart Rate, Lighting, Male, Herpesvirus 1, Suid, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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