Daily nighttime melatonin reduces blood pressure in male patients with essential hypertension
Abstract
Patients with essential hypertension have disturbed autonomic cardiovascular regulation and circadian pacemaker function. Recently, the biological clock was shown to be involved in autonomic cardiovascular regulation. Our objective was to determine whether enhancement of the functioning of the biological clock by repeated nighttime melatonin intake might reduce ambulatory blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in 16 men with untreated essential hypertension to investigate the influence of acute (single) and repeated (daily for 3 weeks) oral melatonin (2.5 mg) intake 1 hour before sleep on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and actigraphic estimates of sleep quality. Repeated melatonin intake reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure during sleep by 6 and 4 mm Hg, respectively. The treatment did not affect heart rate. The day-night amplitudes of the rhythms in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were increased by 15% and 25%, respectively. A single dose of melatonin had no effect on blood pressure. Repeated (but not acute) melatonin also improved sleep. Improvements in blood pressure and sleep were statistically unrelated. In patients with essential hypertension, repeated bedtime melatonin intake significantly reduced nocturnal blood pressure. Future studies in larger patient group should be performed to define the characteristics of the patients who would benefit most from melatonin intake. The present study suggests that support of circadian pacemaker function may provide a new strategy in the treatment of essential hypertension.
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Acute nighttime melatonin intake did not influence blood pressure.
“Of interest, acute nighttime melatonin intake did not influence blood pressure indicating that the improvement in blood pressure after 3 weeks of melatonin intake was not due to the drugs acute vasodilatory effect but possibly a result of its influence on the circadian timing system.”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as Scheer et al., 2004
The improvement in blood pressure after 3 weeks of melatonin intake was not due to the drug's acute vasodilatory effect but possibly a result of its influence on the circadian timing system.
“Of interest, acute nighttime melatonin intake did not influence blood pressure indicating that the improvement in blood pressure after 3 weeks of melatonin intake was not due to the drugs acute vasodilatory effect but possibly a result of its influence on the circadian timing system.”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as Scheer et al., 2004
Repeated nighttime melatonin administration enhanced the day/night rhythm amplitude of blood pressure and reduced blood pressure during the patient's scheduled sleep period in patients with essential hypertension.
“Repeated nighttime melatonin administration enhanced the day/night rhythm amplitude of blood pressure and reduced blood pressure during the patient’s scheduled sleep period.”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as Scheer et al., 2004
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- Authors
- Scheer, F. A. J. L., Van Montfrans, G. A., van Someren, E. J. W., Mairuhu, G., & Buijs, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- From Netherlands Institute for Brain Research (F.A.J.L.S., E.J.W.v.S., R.M.B.), the Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center (G.A.V.M., G.A.), and VU University Medical Center (E.J.W.v.S.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Venue
- Hypertension
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 192-197
- ISSN
- 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4563
- OpenAlex
- W2122583624
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 7.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- melatonin, essential hypertension, nocturnal blood pressure, circadian rhythm, biological clock, autonomic cardiovascular regulation, ambulatory blood pressure, sleep quality, heart rate, circadian pacemaker
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Melatonin, Middle Aged, Sleep, Wakefulness, Cross-Over Studies, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
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