PAI-1 and the Metabolic Syndrome: Links, Causes, and Consequences

Alessi, Marie-Christine; Juhan-Vague, Irène

doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000242905.41404.68

Cited by 390Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesBlood Coagulation and Thrombosis MechanismsCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

PAI-1 and the Metabolic Syndrome: Links, Causes, and Consequences

Alessi, Marie-Christine, Juhan-Vague, Irène·2006·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

DOI 10.1161/01.atv.0000242905.41404.68

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Abstract

The link between plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and the metabolic syndrome with obesity was established many years ago. Increased PAI-1 level can be now considered a true component of the syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and PAI-1 overexpression may participate in this process. The mechanisms of PAI-1 overexpression during obesity are complex, and it is conceivable that several inducers are involved at the same time at several sites of synthesis. Interestingly, recent in vitro and in vivo studies showed that besides its role in atherothrombosis, PAI-1 is also implicated in adipose tissue development and in the control of insulin signaling in adipocytes. These findings suggest PAI-1 inhibitors serve in the control of atherothrombosis and insulin resistance.

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Schneider, D. J., Nordt, T. K., & Sobel, B. E. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.7.890 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Metabolic Determinants Are Much More Important Than Genetic Polymorphisms in Determining the PAI-1 Activity and Antigen Plasma Concentrations
Henry, M., Trégouët, D., Alessi, M., Aillaud, M. F., Visvikis‐Siest, S., Siest, G., Tiret, L., & Juhan-Vague, I. (1998) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.18.1.84 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citation
Glucocorticoids and insulin promote plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 production by human adipose tissue.
Morange, P., Aubert, J., Peiretti, F., LIJNEN, H. R., Vague, P., Verdier, M., Négrel, R., Juhan-Vague, I., & Alessi, M. (1999) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.4.890 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citation
Intramural Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 and Coronary Atherosclerosis
Sobel, B. E., Taatjes, D. J., & Schneider, D. J. (2003) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000091250.53231.4d · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Hormonal Control of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Gene Expression and Production in Human Adipose Tissue: Stimulation by Glucocorticoids and Inhibition by Catecholamines1
Halleux, C. M., Declerck, P. J., Tran, S. L., Détry, R., & Brichard, S. M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.11.6127 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Visceral fat as a main determinant of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 level in women
Janand-Delenne, B., Chagnaud, C., Raccah, D., Alessi, M., Juhan-Vague, I., & Vague, P. (1998) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800585 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citation
Tissue plasminogen activator and neuroserpin are widely expressed in the human central nervous system
Kulla, A., Simisker, A., Sirén, V., Lawrence, D. A., Asser, T., Vaheri, A. I., & Teesalu, T. (2004) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th02-12-0310 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Nutritionally Induced Obesity Is Attenuated in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1
LIJNEN, H. R., Maquoi, E., Morange, P., Vörös, G., HOEF, B. V., Kopp, F., Collen, D., Juhan-Vague, I., & Alessi, M. (2003) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000044457.60665.dd · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citation
Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells
Nilsson, L., Banfi, C., Diczfalusy, U., Tremoli, E., Hamsten, A., & Eriksson, P. O. (1998) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.18.11.1679 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-6 and Oncostatin M Induce Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Human Adipose Tissue
Rega‐Kaun, G., Kaun, C., Weiss, T. W., Demyanets, S., Zorn, G., Kastl, S., Steiner, S., Seidinger, D., Kopp, C. W., Frey, M., et al. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000161823.55935.be · Cited by 91 · see citing works
The common -675 4G/5G polymorphism in the plasminogen activator inhibitor –1 gene is strongly associated with obesity
Hoffstedt, J., Andersson, I., Persson, L., Isaksson, B., & Arner, P. (2002) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-001-0774-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Adipocytokines and Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults
Kanaya, A. M., Fyr, C. W., Vittinghoff, E., Harris, T. B., Park, S. W., Goodpaster, B. H., Tylavsky, F., & Cummings, S. R. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.3.350 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Impaired fibrinolysis and risk for cardiovascular disease in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes
Trost, S. U., Pratley, R. E., & Sobel, B. E. (2006) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-006-0052-5 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor‐α‐mediated plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 expression in adipocytes
Pandey, M., Loskutoff, D. J., & Samad, F. (2005) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.04-3459fje · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-5 Binds to Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-I*
Nam, T., Busby, W. H., & Clemmons, D. R. (1997) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.138.7.5230 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Short-Term Infusions of Insulin, Triacylglycerol and Glucose do not Cause Acute Increases in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Concentrations in Man
Grant, P. J., Kruithof, E. K. O., Felley, C. P., Felber, J. P., & Bachmann, F. (1990) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs0790513 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
PAI-1 polymorphisms modulate phenotypes associated with the metabolic syndrome in obese and diabetic Caucasian population
Lopes, C., Christian Dina, C., Durand, E., & Froguel, P. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1170-0 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Expression Profiling Identifies Genes That Continue to Respond to Insulin in Adipocytes Made Insulin-resistant by Treatment with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α
Sartipy, P., & Loskutoff, D. J. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m306922200 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Progression of coronary artery disease in young male post-infarction patients is linked to disturbances of carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism and to impaired fibrinolytic function
Båvenholm, P. (1998) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.1997.0752 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type‐1 inhibits insulin signaling by competing with αvβ3 integrin for vitronectin binding
López‐Alemany, R., Redondo, J. M., Nagamine, Y., & Muñoz‐Cánoves, P. (2003) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03453.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Inflammation, thrombosis and atherosclerosis: results of the Glostrup study
de Maat, M. P. M., Bladbjerg, E., Drivsholm, T., Borch-Johnsen, K., Møller, L., & Jespersen, J. (2003) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00213.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
On the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 in adipose tissue development and insulin resistance in mice
LIJNEN, H. R., Alessi, M., HOEF, B. V., Collen, D., & Juhan-Vague, I. (2005) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01390.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cell Adhesion and Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulate Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Expression
Lebrun, P., Baron, V. T., Hauck, C. R., Schlaepfer, D. D., & OBBERGHEN, E. V. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m006162200 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Very Low Density Lipoprotein–Mediated Signal Transduction and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Cultured HepG2 Cells
Banfi, C., Mussoni, L., Risé, P., Cattaneo, M. G., Vicentini, L. M., Battaini, F., Galli, C., & Tremoli, E. (1999) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.85.2.208 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 −675 4G/5G genotype influences the risk of myocardial infarction associated with elevated plasma proinsulin and insulin concentrations in men from Europe: the HIFMECH Study
Juhan-Vague, I., Morange, P., Frère, C., Aillaud, M. F., Alessi, M., Hawe, E., Boquist, S., Tornvall, P., Yudkin, J. S., Tremoli, E., et al. (2003) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00458.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citation
Synthesis and Secretion of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 by Human Preadipocytes
Crandall, D. L., Quinet, E. M., Morgan, G. A., Busler, D. E., McHendry‐Rinde, B., & Kral, J. G. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.9.5987 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Differential expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α converting enzyme and ADAMTS family members in murine fat territories
Vörös, G., Maquoi, E., Collen, D., & LIJNEN, H. R. (2003) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression · doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(02)00589-4 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Thiazolidinediones inhibit TNFα induction of PAI-1 independent of PPARγ activation
Liu, H. B., Hu, Y., Medcalf, R. L., Simpson, R. W., & Dear, A. E. (2005) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.055 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Responses of Baboons after In Vivo Thrombin Generation – Effect of Interleukin 6
Kruithof, E. K. O., Mestries, J. C., Gascon, M.-P., & Ythier, A. (1997) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1656076 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Divergent Roles for p55 and p75 TNF-α Receptors in the Induction of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1
Pandey, M., Tuncman, G., Hotamışlıgil, G. S., & Samad, F. (2003) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63888-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Foxc2 Is a Common Mediator of Insulin and Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling to Regulate Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type I Gene Expression
Fujita, H., Kang, M., Eren, M., Gleaves, L. A., Vaughan, D. E., & Kume, T. (2006) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000207407.51752.3c · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The fat mouse: a powerful genetic model to study elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in obesity/NIDDM.
Samad, F., & Loskutoff, D. J. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Relationships between fibrinolytic and inflammatory parameters in human adipose tissue: strong contribution of TNFalpha receptors to PAI-1 levels.
Bastelica, D., Mavri, A., Verdier, M., Berthet, B., Juhan-Vague, I., & Alessi, M. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citation
Acute exogenous hyperinsulinaemia does not result in elevation of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in humans
van Loon, B. J. P., de Bart, A. C. W., Radder, J. K., Frölich, M., Kluft, C., & Meinders, A. E. (1990) · Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis · doi:10.1016/0268-9499(90)90373-r · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Hyperinsulinemia and hypofibrinolysis: Effects of short-term optimized glycemic control with continuous insulin infusion in type II diabetic patients
Lormeau, B., Aurousseau, M. H., Valensi, P. E., Pariès, J., & Attali, J. (1997) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(97)90281-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency on nutritionally-induced obesity in mice
Lijnen, R. H. (2005) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th05-01-0043 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) gene expression in adipocytes by thiazolidinediones
Ihara, H., Urano, T., Takada, A., & Loskutoff, D. J. (2001) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.00-0570fje · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The Fat Mouse: A Powerful Genetic Model to Study Elevated Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 in Obesity/NIDDM
David, J. L., & Samad, F. (1997) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1657606 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Relationships between Fibrinolytic and Inflammatory Parameters in Human Adipose Tissue: Strong Contribution of TNFα Receptors to PAI-1 Levels
Bastelica, D., Mavri, A., Verdier, M., Berthet, B., Juhan-Vague, I., & Alessi, M. (2002) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1613241 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citation
Fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and carotid intima-media wall thickness in the NHLBI Family Heart Study.
Folsom, A. R., Pankow, J. S., Williams, R. R., Evans, G. W., Province, M. A., & Eckfeldt, J. H. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
15-Deoxy-prostaglandin J2 inhibits PDGF-A and -B chain expression in human vascular endothelial cells independent of PPARγ
Zhang, J., Fu, M., Zhao, L., & Chen, Y. E. (2002) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02401-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 polymorphisms are associated with obesity and fat distribution in the Qu??bec Family Study: evidence of interactions with menopause
Bouchard, L., Mauriège, P., Vohl, M., Bouchard, C., & P??russe, L. (2005) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/00042192-200512020-00006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Relationship of hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in Pima Indians
Nagi, D. K., Tracy, R. P., & Pratley, R. E. (1996) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90242-5 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Expression of FOXC2 in adipose and muscle and its association with whole body insulin sensitivity
Gregorio, G. B. D., Westergren, R., Enerbäck, S., Lu, T., & Kern, P. A. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00155.2004 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Fibrinogen, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1, and Carotid Intima-Media Wall Thickness in the NHLBI Family Heart Study
Pankow, J. S., Williams, R., Evans, G. R. D., Province, M. A., Eckfeldt, J. H., & Folsom, A. R. (1998) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1614999 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1‐driven cortisone reactivation regulates plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in adipose tissue of obese women
AYACHI, S. E., Paulmyer‐Lacroix, O., Verdier, M., Alessi, M., Dutour, A., & Grino, M. (2006) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01811.x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
Tissue plasminogen activator in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis regulates acoustic startle
Matys, T., Pawlak, R., & Strickland, S. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.076 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 levels in android obesity: correlation with oxidative stress
Ferroni, P., Guagnano, M. T., Manigrasso, M. R., Ciabattoni, G., & Davı̀, G. (2005) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01395.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Proposal of a novel diabetogenic mechanism involving the serpin PAI‐1
Griffiths, S. L., & Grainger, D. J. (2006) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20418 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
To: J. Hoffstedt et al. (2002) The common -675 4G/5G polymorphism in the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene is strongly associated with obesity
Freeman, M. S., & Mansfield, M. W. (2002) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-002-0961-z · Cited by 10 · see citing works

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Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease
Van Gaal, L. F., Mertens, I. L., & De Block, C. E. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05487 · Cited by 2,814 · see citing works
A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome
Kaur, J. (2014) · Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2014/943162 · Cited by 1,889 · see citing works
Retracted
Adipokines: The missing link between insulin resistance and obesity
Antuna-Puente, B., Fève, B., Fellahi, S., & Bastard, J. (2008) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.09.004 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome
McCracken, E., Monaghan, M., & Sreenivasan, S. (2017) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.09.004 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
Hepatic insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease
Meshkani, R., & Adeli, K. (2009) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.05.018 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Systematic Review of Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers: A Panel for Early Detection, Management, and Risk Stratification in the West Virginian Population
Srikanthan, K., Feyh, A., Visweshwar, H., Shapiro, J. I., & Sodhi, K. (2015) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.13800 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors
Bovolini, A., Garcia, J., Andrade, M. A., & Duarte, J. A. (2020) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-1263-0898 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Lung epithelial and endothelial damage, loss of tissue repair, inhibition of fibrinolysis, and cellular senescence in fatal COVID-19
D’Agnillo, F., Walters, K.-A., Xiao, Y., Sheng, Z.-M., Scherler, K., Park, J., Gygli, S., Rosas, L. A., Sadtler, K., Kalish, H., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abj7790 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, adipose tissue and insulin resistance
Alessi, M.-C., Poggi, M., & Juhan-Vague, I. (2007) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e32814e6d29 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citation
Multimarker Approach to Evaluate the Incidence of the Metabolic Syndrome and Longitudinal Changes in Metabolic Risk Factors
Ingelsson, E., Pencina, M. J., Tofler, G. H., Benjamin, E. J., Lanier, K. J., Jacques, P. F., Fox, C. S., Meigs, J. B., Levy, D. A., Larson, M. G., et al. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.708537 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Molecular and pathophysiological relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in the manifestation of metabolic dysfunctions and their inflammation‑mediating treatment options (Review)
Varra, F., Varras, M. N., Varra, V., & Theodosis‐Nobelos, P. (2024) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2024.13219 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Metabolic syndrome, haemostasis and thrombosis
Juhan-Vague, I., & Alessi, M. (2008) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th07-11-0682 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Self-citation
Obesity and venous thrombosis: a review
Allman-Farinelli, M. (2011) · Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0031-1297369 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
A null mutation in SERPINE1 protects against biological aging in humans
Khan, S. S., Shah, S. J., Klyachko, E., Baldridge, A. S., Eren, M., Place, A. T., Aviv, A., Puterman, E., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Heiman, M., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao1617 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Fat poetry: a kingdom for PPARγ
Anghel, S. I., & Wahli, W. (2007) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2007.48 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
A review of the mechanisms and effectiveness of dietary polyphenols in reducing oxidative stress and thrombotic risk
Santhakumar, A. B., Bulmer, A. C., & Singh, I. (2013) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12177 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans
Bortolotti, M., Kreis, R., Debard, C., Cariou, B., Faeh, D., Chetiveaux, M., Ith, M., Vermathen, P., Stefanoni, N., Lê, K.-A., et al. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27296 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Akkermansia muciniphila can reduce the damage of gluco/lipotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation, and normalize intestine microbiota in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Zhang, L., Qin, Q., Liu, M., Zhang, X., He, F., & Wang, G. (2018) · Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1093/femspd/fty028 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Thrombotic Cerebrovascular Diseases
Tjärnlund‐Wolf, A., Brogren, H., Lo, E. H., & Wang, X. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.622217 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
The Biochemistry, Physiology and Pathological roles of PAI-1 and the requirements for PAI-1 inhibition in vivo
Craen, B. V. D., Declerck, P. J., & Gils, A. (2012) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2012.06.023 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Thrombosis in central obesity and metabolic syndrome: Mechanisms and epidemiology
Morange, P., & Alessi, M. (2013) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th13-01-0075 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
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Metabolic syndrome and risk of venous thromboembolism: Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology
Steffen, L. M., Cushman, M., Peacock, J. M., Heckbert, S. R., Jacobs, D. R., Rosamond, W. D., & Folsom, A. R. (2009) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03295.x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Characterization of human mesenchymal stem cell secretome at early steps of adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation
Chiellini, C., Cochet, O., Négroni, L., Samson, M., Poggi, M., Ailhaud, G. P., Alessi, M., Dani, C., & Amri, E. (2008) · BMC Molecular Biology · doi:10.1186/1471-2199-9-26 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citation
Genome-wide association study for circulating levels of PAI-1 provides novel insights into its regulation
Huang, J., Sabater‐Lleal, M., Asselbergs, F. W., Trégouët, D., Shin, S., Ding, J., Baumert, J. J., Oudot‐Mellakh, T., Folkersen, L., Johnson, A. D., et al. (2012) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2012-06-436188 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
A Serpin With a Finger in Many PAIs: PAI-1's Central Function in Thromboinflammation and Cardiovascular Disease
Morrow, G. B., Whyte, C. S., & Mutch, N. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.653655 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Adipocytokines, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance During Combined Androgen Blockade for Prostate Cancer
Smith, M. R., Lee, H., Fallon, M. A., & Nathan, D. M. (2008) · Urology · doi:10.1016/j.urology.2007.08.035 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Inflamed adipose tissue, insulin resistance and vascular injury
Andersson, C. X., Gustafson, B., Hammarstedt, A., Hedjazifar, S., & Smith, U. (2008) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.889 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Plasminogen activator inhibitor and the risk of cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study
Tofler, G. H., Massaro, J. M., O’Donnell, C. J., Wilson, P. W. F., Vasan, R. S., Sutherland, P. A., Meigs, J. B., Levy, D. A., & D’Agostino, R. B. (2016) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2016.02.002 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Central Obesity as a Precursor to the Metabolic Syndrome in the AusDiab Study and Mauritius
Cameron, A. J., Boyko, E. J., Sicree, R. A., Zimmet, P., Söderberg, S., Alberti, K. G. M. M., Tuomilehto, J. O., Chitson, P., & Shaw, J. E. (2008) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2008.412 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Neurogenic obesity and systemic inflammation following spinal cord injury: A review
Farkas, G. J., & Gater, D. R. (2017) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine · doi:10.1080/10790268.2017.1357104 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Association between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jung, R. G., Motazedian, P., Ramirez, F. D., Simard, T., Santo, P. D., Visintini, S. M., Faraz, M. A., Labinaz, A., Jung, Y., & Hibbert, B. M. (2018) · Thrombosis Journal · doi:10.1186/s12959-018-0166-4 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Synergistic Effects of Hypofibrinolysis and Genetic and Acquired Risk Factors on the Risk of a First Venous Thrombosis
Meltzer, M. E., Lisman, T., Doggen, C. J. M., de Groot, P. G., & Rosendaal, F. R. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050097 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Education and lifestyle factors are associated with DNA methylation clocks in older African Americans
Zhao, W., Ammous, F., Ratliff, S., Liu, J., Yu, M., Mosley, T. H., Kardia, S. L. R., & Smith, J. A. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16173141 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Adiponectin: an adipokine with protective features against metabolic syndrome.
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Authors: Alessi, M.-C., & Juhan-Vague, I.
Affiliations: Inserm (FR)
From the Laboratory of Hematology, INSERM UMR 626, Faculty of Medicine, Marseilles, France.
ORCID: Alessi, Marie-Christine
Venue: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2006-10
Volume: 26
Issue: 10
Pages: 2200-2207
ISSN: 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
1524-4636
DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000242905.41404.68
OpenAlex: W2120559894
Cited by: 390
References: 124
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 3.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular risk, atherothrombosis, insulin resistance, adipose tissue development, PAI-1 inhibitors
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Obesity, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Metabolic Syndrome

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PAI-1 and the Metabolic Syndrome: Links, Causes, and Consequences

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