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T-lymphocyte Infiltration in Visceral Adipose Tissue: A Primary Event in Adipose Tissue Inflammation and the Development of Obesity-Mediated Insulin Resistance
Abstract
Background— Adipose tissue inflammation may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR). The present study examined the role of lymphocytes in adipose tissue inflammation and IR. Methods and Results— In a mouse model of obesity-mediated IR, high-fat diet (HFD) induced IR already after 5 weeks, which was associated with a marked T-lymphocyte infiltration in visceral adipose tissue. In contrast, recruitment of macrophages was delayed with an increase of MAC3-positive staining and F4/80 mRNA expression after 10 weeks of HFD, suggesting a dissociation of macrophage invasion into adipose tissue and IR initiation. In patients with type 2 diabetes, lymphocyte content in adipose tissue biopsies significantly correlated with waist circumference, a marker of IR. Immunohistochemical staining of human adipose tissue revealed the presence of mainly CD4-positive lymphocytes as well as macrophage infiltration. Most macrophages were HLA-DR–positive, reflecting activation through IFNγ, a cytokine released from CD4-positive lymphocytes. Conclusions— Proinflammatory T-lymphocytes are present in visceral adipose tissue and may contribute to local inflammatory cell activation before the appearance of macrophages, suggesting that these cells could play an important role in the initiation and perpetuation of adipose tissue inflammation as well as the development of IR.
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“Serum or plasma concentrations of TNF-a or IL-6 in healthy adults are typically 0•01-2 pmol/l (6) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [6]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kintscher, U., Hartge, M., Hess, K., Foryst-Ludwig, A., Clemenz, M., Wabitsch, M., Fischer-Posovszky, P., Barth, T. F. E., Dragun, D., Skurk, T., Hauner, H., Blüher, M., Unger, T., Wolf, A.-M., Knippschild, U., Hombach, V., & Marx, N.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research (U.K., M.H., A.F.-L., M.C., T.U.), Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; the Department of Internal Medicine II – Cardiology (K.H., V.H., N.M.), University of Ulm, Germany; the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (M.W., P.F.-P.), University of Ulm, Germany; the Department of Pathology (T.F.E.B.), University of Ulm, Germany; the Department of Nephrology, Campus Virchow...
- ORCID
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1304-1310
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- OpenAlex
- W2163270865
- Cited by
- 692
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 37.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- mediaTUM (Technical University of Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- T cell infiltration, visceral adipose tissue, adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, obesity, high-fat diet, macrophage recruitment, CD4-positive lymphocytes, HLA-DR, interferon-gamma, type 2 diabetes, waist circumference
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Animals, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dietary Fats, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Interferon-gamma, Macrophages, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Middle Aged, Obesity, Time Factors, Panniculitis, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Adipocytes, Chemokine CCL2, Body Size, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Mice, Chemokine CXCL12
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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