Rejection sensitivity polarizes striatal-medial prefrontal activity when anticipating social feedback
Open accessAbstract
As a social species, humans are acutely aware of cues that signal inclusionary status. This study characterizes behavioral and neural responses when individuals anticipate social feedback. Across two fMRI studies, participants (n = 42) made social judgments about supposed peers and then received feedback from those individuals. Of particular interest was the neural activity occurring when participants were awaiting social feedback. During this anticipatory period, increased neural activity was observed in the ventral striatum, a central component of the brain's reward circuitry, and dorsomedial pFC, a brain region implicated in mentalizing about others. Individuals high in rejection sensitivity exhibited greater responses in both the ventral striatum and dorsomedial pFC when anticipating positive feedback. These findings provide initial insight into the neural mechanisms involved in anticipating social evaluations as well as the cognitive processes that underlie rejection sensitivity.
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The reciprocal social evaluation paradigm has been shown to elicit genuine experiences of social evaluation.
“a well-validated paradigm that has been shown to elicit genuine experiences of social evaluation (20–23).”
From Development of self-protective biases in response to social evaluative feedback (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
By early adulthood (ages 18-24), individual differences in rejection sensitivity were associated with greater activation of VS and dmPFC when anticipating positive versus negative social feedback.
“Powers et al. (2013) showed that, at least by early adulthood (ages 18–24), individual differences in rejection sensitivity, another construct related to caring about social evaluation, were associated with greater activation of VS and dmPFC when anticipating positive versus negative social feedback.”
From Adolescent neurobiological susceptibility to social context (2016) · cites this paper as Powers et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Powers, K. E., Somerville, L. H., Kelley, W. M., & Heatherton, T. F.
- Affiliations
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- MIT Press
- Published
- 2013-11-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1887-1895
- ISSN
- 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8898
- PMC
- PMC4076412
- OpenAlex
- W2155041545
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 3.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R00MH087813, R01MH059282)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- rejection sensitivity, ventral striatum, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, social evaluation, reward processing, mentalization, social inclusion, social rejection
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Corpus Striatum, Cues, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Judgment, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Oxygen, Photic Stimulation, Reaction Time, Rejection, Psychology, Reward, Social Environment, Prefrontal Cortex, Feedback, Psychological, Young Adult
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