Dissociating motivation from reward in human striatal activity
Open accessAbstract
Neural activity in the striatum has consistently been shown to scale with the value of anticipated rewards. As a result, it is common across a number of neuroscientific subdiscliplines to associate activation in the striatum with anticipation of a rewarding outcome or a positive emotional state. However, most studies have failed to dissociate expected value from the motivation associated with seeking a reward. Although motivation generally scales positively with increases in potential reward, there are circumstances in which this linkage does not apply. The current study dissociates value-related activation from that induced by motivation alone by employing a task in which motivation increased as anticipated reward decreased. This design reverses the typical relationship between motivation and reward, allowing us to differentially investigate fMRI BOLD responses that scale with each. We report that activity scaled differently with value and motivation across the striatum. Specifically, responses in the caudate and putamen increased with motivation, whereas nucleus accumbens activity increased with expected reward. Consistent with this, self-report ratings indicated a positive association between caudate and putamen activity and arousal, whereas activity in the nucleus accumbens was more associated with liking. We conclude that there exist regional limits on inferring reward expectation from striatal activation.
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Caudate activation has been linked to various forms of arousal.
“Given that caudate activation has also been linked to various forms of arousal (e.g., Miller et al., 2014), findings may also reflect more complex influences, such as heightened fear that is characteristic of youth with anxiety (Jarcho et al., 2015).”
From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Miller et al., 2014
The Results report that caudate-and-putamen activity was strongly related to participants’ arousal ratings in this reward task. The Discussion distinguishes the motivation studied here from other forms of arousal, so the paper does not establish a link to various forms of arousal. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Miller, E. M., Shankar, M. U., Knutson, B., & McClure, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- ORCID
- Knutson, Brian
- Venue
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2014-05-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1075-1084
- ISSN
- 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8898
- PMC
- PMC5808846
- OpenAlex
- W1979368693
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH091068)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- striatum, motivation, reward anticipation, caudate nucleus, putamen, nucleus accumbens, BOLD signal, arousal, liking, reward seeking
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Corpus Striatum, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motivation, Photic Stimulation, Reaction Time, Reward, Young Adult
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