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Cited by 70Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Forgetting the best when predicting the worst: preliminary observations on neural circuit function in adolescent social anxiety

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Jarcho, Johanna M., Romer, Adrienne L., Shechner, Tomer, Galvan, Adriana, Guyer, Amanda E., Leibenluft, Ellen, Pine, Daniel S., Nelson, Eric E.·2015·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
DOI 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.03.002PMC PMC4466042
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Abstract

Social anxiety disorder typically begins in adolescence, a sensitive period for brain development, when increased complexity and salience of peer relationships requires novel forms of social learning. Disordered social learning in adolescence may explain how brain dysfunction promotes social anxiety. Socially anxious adolescents (n = 15) and adults (n = 19) and non-anxious adolescents (n = 24) and adults (n = 32) predicted, then received, social feedback from high and low-value peers while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A surprise recall task assessed memory biases for feedback. Neural correlates of social evaluation prediction errors (PEs) were assessed by comparing engagement to expected and unexpected positive and negative feedback. For socially anxious adolescents, but not adults or healthy participants of either age group, PEs elicited heightened striatal activity and negative fronto-striatal functional connectivity. This occurred selectively to unexpected positive feedback from high-value peers and corresponded with impaired memory for social feedback. While impaired memory also occurred in socially-anxious adults, this impairment was unrelated to brain-based PE activity. Thus, social anxiety in adolescence may relate to altered neural correlates of PEs that contribute to impaired learning about social feedback. Small samples necessitate replication. Nevertheless, results suggest that the relationship between learning and fronto-striatal function may attenuate as development progresses.

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  • Socially anxious adolescents exhibit heightened striatal responses to unexpected positive social feedback compared to healthy adolescents.

    “Socially anxious adolescents also exhibit heightened striatal responses to unexpected positive social feedback compared to healthy adolescents (Jarcho et al., 2015).”

    From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Jarcho et al., 2015

    The Discussion reports greater striatal activity in anxious than non-anxious adolescents following unexpected positive feedback from highly valued peers. The claim omits that peer-value condition, making the finding sound applicable to unexpected positive social feedback generally. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • Results from the current study may suggest that youth with a history of anxiety demonstrating altered neural processing of social prediction errors are also most at-risk for the development of depression symptoms.

    “Results from the current study may suggest that youth with a history of anxiety demonstrating altered neural processing of social prediction errors are also most at-risk for the development of depression symptoms (Jarcho et al., 2015).”

    From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Jarcho et al., 2015

    The Discussion reports altered neural responses to social prediction errors in anxious adolescents, supporting that part of the sentence. The Conclusion discusses possible long-term expression of social anxiety, not risk of developing depressive symptoms; the paper does not establish which youths are most at risk for depression. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Jarcho et al. (2015) also showed that high caudate activation to unexpected positive feedback was related to disrupted recall of peer feedback.

    “Jarcho et al. (2015) also showed that high caudate activation to unexpected positive feedback was related to disrupted recall of peer feedback.”

    From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Jarcho et al., 2015

    The Results (fMRI prediction error analyses; page unavailable) report heightened right-caudate reactivity to unexpected positive feedback from high-value peers among socially anxious adolescents. The Results (Relationship between recall and strength of functional connectivity; page unavailable) link worse recall to more negative mPFC-striatal functional connectivity, particularly in anxious adolescents—not to high caudate activation itself. The claimed activation–recall relationship therefore goes beyond what the paper reports. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Jarcho et al. (2015) showed that adolescents with social anxiety disorder showed significant caudate activation to unexpected positive feedback from peers of high value, corresponding to a social evaluation prediction error.

    “Consistent with current results, Jarcho et al. (2015) recently showed that adolescents with social anxiety disorder showed significant caudate activation to unexpected positive feedback from peers of high value, corresponding to a social evaluation prediction error.”

    From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Jarcho et al., 2015

  • Social anxiety in adolescence is associated with altered neural processing of social prediction errors that contributes to impaired social learning.

    “The authors suggest that social anxiety in adolescence is associated with altered neural processing of social prediction errors that contributes to impaired social learning.”

    From Neural Activation to Parental Praise Interacts With Social Context to Predict Adolescent Depressive Symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as Jarcho et al., 2015

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Authors
Jarcho, J. M., Romer, A. L., Shechner, T., Galvan, A., Guyer, A. E., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Nelson, E. E.
Affiliations
  • National Institute of Mental Health (US)
  • Duke University (US)
  • University of Haifa (IL)
  • University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
Jarcho, Johanna M.
ORCID
Venue
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-06
Volume
13
Pages
21-31
ISSN
1878-9293 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.dcn.2015.03.002
PMC
PMC4466042
OpenAlex
W2047582613
Cited by
70
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
8.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
NIMH (00018057)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
adolescent social anxiety, social anxiety disorder, prediction error, social feedback, memory bias, social learning, peer relationships, brain development
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Peer Group, Phobic Disorders, Social Behavior, Feedback, Psychological

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