Getting to Know You: Reputation and Trust in a Two-Person Economic Exchange
Abstract
Using a multiround version of an economic exchange (trust game), we report that reciprocity expressed by one player strongly predicts future trust expressed by their partner—a behavioral finding mirrored by neural responses in the dorsal striatum. Here, analyses within and between brains revealed two signals—one encoded by response magnitude, and the other by response timing. Response magnitude correlated with the “intention to trust” on the next play of the game, and the peak of these “intention to trust” responses shifted its time of occurrence by 14 seconds as player reputations developed. This temporal transfer resembles a similar shift of reward prediction errors common to reinforcement learning models, but in the context of a social exchange. These data extend previous model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging studies into the social domain and broaden our view of the spectrum of functions implemented by the dorsal striatum.
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Most fMRI hyperscanning studies have used separate scanners connected via video.
“Most fMRI hyperscanning studies [6,7] have used separate scanners connected via video”
From Naturalistic Hyperscanning with Wearable Magnetoencephalography (2023) · cites this paper as [7]
Using separate scanners connected via video imposes further barriers to natural interaction.
“but this imposes further barriers to natural interaction.”
From Naturalistic Hyperscanning with Wearable Magnetoencephalography (2023) · cites this paper as [7]
Striatal responses transform in a manner that reflects what we have learned to expect from a person after repeated interaction with them-that is, the acquisition of a reputation.
“Moreover, striatal responses transform in a manner that reflects what we have learned to expect from a person after repeated interaction with them – that is, the acquisition of a reputation 67.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
Striatum activity increases in anticipation of a positive social interaction after repeated interactions with one person, suggesting that this neural signal is important for learning to predict others' behavior.
“Moreover, striatum activity increases in anticipation of a positive social interaction after repeated interactions with one person, suggesting that this neural signal is important for learning to predict others’ behavior 67.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
Ventral and dorsal striatum activity increases when receiving rewards as a result of reciprocated cooperation and when making a decision to cooperate.
“As with rewards such as money or positive social feedback, ventral and dorsal striatum activity increases when receiving rewards as a result of reciprocated cooperation and when making a decision to cooperate 67, 71, 72.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
The pattern of striatal activity while learning from social information resembles the reward prediction error learning signal exhibited in the striatum while learning from monetary or food rewards.
“This pattern of striatal activity while learning from social information resembles the reward prediction error learning signal exhibited in the striatum while learning from monetary or food rewards 38, 66, 67.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [67]
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- Authors
- King-Casas, B., Tomlin, D., Anen, C., Camerer, C. F., Quartz, S. R., & Montague, P. R.
- Affiliations
- Human Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Montague, P. Read
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 308
- Issue
- 5718
- Pages
- 78-83
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2014957672
- Cited by
- 1,345
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 66 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 85
- FWCI
- 223.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r21da014883-02)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-52797, R01MH052797)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA14883, DA 11723, R01DA011723)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS045790, NS045790)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- trust, reputation, reciprocity, trust game, dorsal striatum, response timing, response magnitude, social exchange, reinforcement learning, reward prediction error
- MeSH terms
- Caudate Nucleus, Cues, Games, Experimental, Hemodynamics, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Reward, Linear Models, Intention, Trust
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