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Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients

John R Hughes, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, James Earl Mitchell, L Dahlgren·1986·American Journal of Psychiatry

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Abstract

The prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients (N = 277) was significantly higher than among either local or national population-based samples (N = 1,440 and 17,000) (52% versus 30% and 33%). The higher prevalence was not associated with the age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, alcohol use, coffee use, or institutionalization of the psychiatric patients. Smoking was especially prevalent among patients with schizophrenia (88%) or mania (70%) and among the more severely ill patients. Hypotheses about why psychiatric patients are more likely to smoke and why they do not have a high rate of smoking-induced illnesses are presented.

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Authors: Hughes, J. R., Hatsukami, D. K., Mitchell, J. E., & Dahlgren, L.
Affiliations: University of Minnesota (US)
ORCID: John R Hughes
Dorothy K. Hatsukami
James Earl Mitchell
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1986-08-01
Volume: 143
Issue: 8
Pages: 993-997
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.143.8.993
OpenAlex: W152718690
Cited by: 1,058
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 45
FWCI: 8.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-03728, DA 02988, DA-04066)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: smoking prevalence, psychiatric outpatients, schizophrenia, mania, disease severity, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status, smoking-related diseases
MeSH terms: Smoking Prevention, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenic Psychology, Smoking

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Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients

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